iasc

See also: íasc

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish íasc,^[1] from Proto-Celtic *ɸeiskos, from Proto-Indo-European *peysk-; compare fish, Latin piscis. The Brythonic words (Welsh pysgodyn, Breton pesk) are loanwords from Latin.

Pronunciation

IPA^(key): /iəsˠk/^[2]^[3]

Noun

iasc m (genitive singular éisc, nominative plural éisc)

fish

Declension

Declension of iasc (first declension)

bare forms
case	singular	plural
nominative	iasc	éisc
vocative	a éisc	a iasca
genitive	éisc	iasc
dative	iasc	éisc

forms with the definite article
case	singular	plural
nominative	an t-iasc	na héisc
genitive	an éisc	na n-iasc
dative	leis an iasc don iasc	leis na héisc

Derived terms

bé-iasc (“damselfish”)
ciseán éisc m (“fish-basket”)
dabhach éisc f (“fish-pond”)
iasc scamhógach m (“lungfish”)
iascaire m (“fisherman, angler”)
iascán (“mussel”)
na hÉisc (“Pisces”)

Verb

iasc (present analytic iascann, future analytic iascfaidh, verbal noun iascach, past participle iasctha)

(transitive, intransitive) fish

Conjugation

conjugation of iasc (first conjugation – A)

		singular			plural			relative	autonomous
		first	second	third	first	second	third	relative	autonomous
indicative	present	iascaim	iascann tú; iascair^†	iascann sé, sí	iascaimid	iascann sibh	iascann siad; iascaid^†	a iascann; a iascas / a n-iascann*	iasctar
	past	d'iasc mé; d'iascas / iasc mé‡; iascas‡	d'iasc tú; d'iascais / iasc tú; iascais‡	d'iasc sé, sí / iasc sé, sí‡	d'iascamar; d'iasc muid / iascamar; iasc muid‡	d'iasc sibh; d'iascabhair / iasc sibh; iascabhair‡	d'iasc siad; d'iascadar / iasc siad; iascadar‡	a d'iasc / ar iasc*	iascadh; hiascadh^†
	past habitual	d'iascainn / iascainn‡; n-iascainn‡‡	d'iasctá / iasctá‡; n-iasctá‡‡	d'iascadh sé, sí / iascadh sé, sí‡; n-iascadh sé, sí‡‡	d'iascaimis; d'iascadh muid / iascaimis; iascadh muid‡; n-iascaimis‡‡; n-iascadh muid‡‡	d'iascadh sibh / iascadh sibh‡; n-iascadh sibh‡‡	d'iascaidís; d'iascadh siad / iascaidís; iascadh siad‡; n-iascaidís‡‡; n-iascadh siad‡‡	a d'iascadh / a n-iascadh*	d'iasctaí / iasctaí‡; n-iasctaí‡‡
future		iascfaidh mé; iascfad	iascfaidh tú; iascfair^†	iascfaidh sé, sí	iascfaimid; iascfaidh muid	iascfaidh sibh	iascfaidh siad; iascfaid^†	a iascfaidh; a iascfas / a n-iascfaidh*	iascfar
conditional		d'iascfainn / iascfainn‡; n-iascfainn‡‡	d'iascfá / iascfá‡; n-iascfá‡‡	d'iascfadh sé, sí / iascfadh sé, sí‡; n-iascfadh sé, sí‡‡	d'iascfaimis; d'iascfadh muid / iascfaimis‡; iascfadh muid‡; n-iascfaimis‡‡; n-iascfadh muid‡‡	d'iascfadh sibh / iascfadh sibh‡; n-iascfadh sibh‡‡	d'iascfaidís; d'iascfadh siad / iascfaidís‡; iascfadh siad‡; n-iascfaidís‡‡; n-iascfadh siad‡‡	a d'iascfadh / a n-iascfadh*	d'iascfaí / iascfaí‡; n-iascfaí‡‡
subjunctive	present	go n-iasca mé; go n-iascad^†	go n-iasca tú; go n-iascair^†	go n-iasca sé, sí	go n-iascaimid; go n-iasca muid	go n-iasca sibh	go n-iasca siad; go n-iascaid^†	—	go n-iasctar
subjunctive	past	dá n-iascainn	dá n-iasctá	dá n-iascadh sé, sí	dá n-iascaimis; dá n-iascadh muid	dá n-iascadh sibh	dá n-iascaidís; dá n-iascadh siad	—	dá n-iasctaí
imperative		iascaim	iasc	iascadh sé, sí	iascaimis	iascaigí; iascaidh^†	iascaidís	—	iasctar
verbal noun		iascach
past participle		iasctha

* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
‡ dependent form
‡‡ dependent form used with particles that trigger eclipsis (except an)

Mutation

Mutated forms of *iasc*
radical	eclipsis	with h-prothesis	with t-prothesis
iasc	n-iasc	hiasc	t-iasc

Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Modern Irish.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.

References

^ Gregory Toner, Sharon Arbuthnot, Máire Ní Mhaonaigh, Marie-Luise Theuerkauf, Dagmar Wodtko, editors (2019), “íasc”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
^ Sjoestedt, M. L. (1931) Phonétique d’un parler irlandais de Kerry [Phonetics of an Irish Dialect of Kerry] (in French), Paris: Librairie Ernest Leroux, § 46, page 24
^ Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, § 158, page 61