ich

ich

1. (international standards) ISO 639-3 language code for Etkywan.

• Wiktionary's coverage of Etkywan terms

From Middle English ich, from Old English iċ, iċċ (“I”, pronoun), from Proto-West Germanic *ik, from Proto-Germanic *ik, *ek (“I”, pronoun), from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂ (“I”). See also ch-, I.

• Iche, che, 'ch-, ch-

• IPA^(key): /iːt͡ʃ/, /ɪt͡ʃ/

• Audio (US):

  (file)

• Rhymes: -iːtʃ, -ɪtʃ
• Homophones: each, itch

ich

1. (personal, obsolete) I.
   • 1529, John Skelton, Elynour Rummyng:

     "Behold," she sayd, "and se How bright I am of ble! Ich am not cast away, That can my husband say, [...]"

   • 1561, John Awdelay, The fraternitye of vacabondes:

     My maysters, ich am an old man, and halfe blinde, […]

   • 1568, Thomas Howell, Arbor of Amitie:

     With cap and knee, ich will serve thee, what should ich more declare.

   • 1578, George Whetstone, The right, excellent and famous Historye of Promos and Cassandra:

     Kissyng and lying ich see is all one:
     And chave no mony, chul tell true therfore.

   • 1645, Thomas Davies, The Somersetshire Man's Complaint:

     Dost thinke 'chill labor to be poore, No no, ich haue a-doe..Ich will a plundering too.

   • , 6th edition, London: J. Phillips, ; N. Rhodes, ; and J. Taylor, , →OCLC, column 2:

     Ich, a Word us'd for I in the Weſtern Parts of England.]

Ich was the form of I found in the dialects of the West Country, West Midlands, and Kent. It began to disappear from written English with the onset of the Chancery Standard in the 15th century, yet continued to see limited use until the middle of the 19th century.

The Northern dialectal form, ik (which derives from the same Old English root), likewise disappeared from writing with the onset of the Chancery Standard in the 15th century.

• nich
• chill (“I will”)
• cham (“I am”)

• chinny reckon
• ich-laut (from the German cognate)

Clipping of ichthyophthiriasis.

• ick

• IPA^(key): /ɪk/

ich (uncountable)

1. (ichthyology) Ichthyophthiriasis, a parasitic infection of freshwater fish caused by ciliates of genus Ichthyophthirius.
   • 1996, Edward J. Noga, Fish Disease: Diagnosis and Treatment, Iowa State University Press (2000), →ISBN, page 95:

     Ich is one of the most common diseases of freshwater fish.

• marine ich

• IHC, Chi., Ch'i, chi, ch'i, CIH, Chi, hic, CHI, HCI

• i
• ig (Bern)

From Middle High German ich, from Old High German ih, from Proto-West Germanic *ik, from Proto-Germanic *ek, *ik. Cognate with German ich, Dutch ik, English I, ich, Icelandic ég.

• (Lower Alemannic (Northern Alsace)) IPA^(key): /iʃ/, /eʃ/, /iː/ (i is the unstressed pronoun, used after the verb, as in hiit hàw i dìs g'màcht (today I have done this), but it is always ìch before the verb, never i)
• (Higher Alemannic (Southern Alsace)) IPA^(key): /ix/, /ex/, /iː/ (unstressed)
• (Zürich) IPA^(key): /ix/, /i/ (unstressed), IPA^(key): (stressed)

ich

1. I

• eich (Moselle Franconian, stressed)
• ech (some dialects of Ripuarian; Moselle Franconian, unstressed, enclitic)

From Middle High German ich, from Old High German ih, from Proto-West Germanic *ik, from Proto-Germanic *ek, *ik, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂.

The expected form is ech; the variant ich is from a form *īh with expressive lengthening (compare the corresponding diphthong in Moselle Franconian).

• IPA^(key): /iɕ/,
  • IPA^(key): → → (unstressed; enclitic before a consonant)
  • IPA^(key): (enclitic before a vowel)
• The enclitic pronunciation is used after verbs and conjunctions (unless the pronoun is stressed).

ich

1. (some dialects of Ripuarian, including Kölsch) I; nominative of the first-person singular personal pronoun

   Dat senn ich op däm Fotto.

   That’s I (or: me) in this photo.

Ripuarian (regional forms: Aachen , Cologne ; reduced or unstressed forms: red.):

In other dialects:

• ät (“it”) (Düren)

• i (Luserna)

From Middle High German ich, from Old High German ih, from Proto-West Germanic *ik, from Proto-Germanic *ek. Cognate with German ich, English I.

ich

1. (Sette Comuni) I

• “ich” in Martalar, Umberto Martello, Bellotto, Alfonso (1974) Dizionario della lingua Cimbra dei Sette Communi vicentini, 1st edition, Roana, Italy: Instituto di Cultura Cimbra A. Dal Pozzo
• 2013, Umberto Patuzzi (ed.), Sette Comuni / Siben Komoinen: Le nostre parole – D’ögnar börtar – Unsere Wörter, Comitato unitario delle linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien
• 2013, Umberto Patuzzi (ed.), Luserna / Lusérn: Le nostre parole – Ünsarne börtar – Unsere Wörter, Comitato unitario delle linguistiche storiche germaniche in Italia / Einheitskomitee der historischen deutschen Sprachinseln in Italien

From Proto-Germanic *ik, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂.

ich

1. I
   • 1589, Ogier Ghiselin de Busbecq, letter:

     Ich malthata. Ego dico.

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Cognate to German ich.

ich

1. (Silesian, also Breslauisch) I

• sie/se and es can be contracted into s'e's (= SHG: sie es)

other personal, possessive and reflexive pronouns:

• mei (1st ps. sg. possessive pronoun)
• dei; Dei (2nd ps. sg. possessive pronoun)
• ihr (3rd ps. sg. fem. possessive pronoun)
• unser, ünser / ünser (1st ps. pl. possessive pronoun)
• Ihr; Euch (grammatically: 2nd ps. pl.)
• Sie; Ihn'n (grammatically: 3rd ps. pl.)
• sihch, sich / sich (reflexive pronoun)

ich

1. (Silesian, also Gebirgsschlesisch) I

Gebirgsschlesisch:

Additionally there are:

• sa (= SHG: sie ihn)
• sa (= SHG: es ihnen)
• marn (= SHG: wir ihn)
• mida (= SHG: mit ihnen; from mit (“with”))

Also:

Additionally there are:

• Ihr, I'r; Eich (Euch) (grammatically: 2nd ps. pl.; semantically: 2nd ps. sg. or pl.)
• Sie, Se; I'n (grammatically: 3rd ps. pl.; semantically: 2nd ps. sg.)

Notes:

• The forms uns, euch, Euch are rare, and could arguably be mistakes or misprints influenced by SHG uns, euch.

possessive and reflexive pronouns - Gebirgsschlesisch:

• mei (1st ps. sg. possessive pronoun)
• dei (2nd ps. sg. possessive pronoun)
• insa (1st ps. pl. possessive pronoun)
• siech (reflexive pronoun)

possessive and reflexive pronouns - also:

• ünser (1st ps. pl.)
• sich (reflexive pronoun)

ich

1. (Silesian, Gebirgsschlesisch) I

• Nominative: ich
• Dative: mir; mer
• Accusative: mich

other personal and possessive pronouns:

• mei (1st ps. sg. possessive pronoun)
• du, de; dir, der; dich; dei (2nd ps. sg.)
• a; ihm; ihn (3rd ps. sg. m.)
• -'s, -s, -'sch (after r as in mer'sch) (3rd ps. sg. n.)
• sei (3rd ps. sg. m. & n. possessive pronoun)
• se (3rd ps. sg. f.)
• ihr (3rd ps. sg. f. possessive pronoun)
• mer; ins; ins; inser (1st ps. pl.)

ich

1. (Silesian) I

• Nominative: ich
• Dative: mir; mer
• Accusative: miech; mich

• Du, De; Dir, Der; Diech, Dich (2nd ps. sg.)

ich

1. (Obererzgebirge, Salzungen, Ruhla) I

Obererzgebirge:

• Nominative: ich
• Dative: mir
• Accusative: mich

Salzungen:

• Nominative: ich
• Dative: me
• Accusative: mich

Ruhla:

• ig (mer, mig) (Obererzgebirge)

• Die Ruhlaer Mundart dargestellt von Karl Regel.   Weimar, Hermann Boehlau. 1868

ich

1. (Oberlausitz, Altenburg, Mansfeld, Niederlausitz) I

Oberlausitz, Altenburg:

• Nominative: ich; -'ch, 'ch
• Dative: mir
• Accusative: mich

Mansfeld:

• Nominative: ich; -'ch, 'ch
• Dative: mich
• Accusative: mich

Niederlausitz:

• Nominative: ich; -'ich (as in hua-'ich = SHG habe ich), -ich (as in hua-ich = SHG habe ich)
• Dative: merr
• Accusative: merr

• du (2nd ps. sg.)

ich

1. (Nord-Thüringisch, Wasungen, Erzgebirgisch) I

Erzgebirge:

• Nominative: îch, ich
• Dative: mir, mr
• Accusative: mîch, mich

Nord-Thüringisch:

Separated by semicolon are: strong/normal form ; weak/enclitic form

Wasungen:

Erzgebirge:

• mr (1st ps. pl.)
• ihr; eich (2nd ps. pl.)

Nord-Thüringisch:

• sich (reflexive pronoun)

ich

1. (Alzenau) I

• ech

• Idioticon der nord-thüringischen Mundart. – Den Bürgern Nordhausens gewidmet von Dr. Martin Schultze.   Nordhausen. Verlag von Ferd. Förstemann. 1874
• Schriften des Vereins für Sachsen-Meiningische Geschichte und Landeskunde. 71. Heft. Inhalt: Die Wasunger Mundart, 2. Teil. Von Kirchenrat Edinhard Reichardt in Meiningen.   Hildburghausen. F. W. Gadow & Sohn, Herzogliche Hofbuchdruckerei. 1914
• Marek Dolatowski (2015) “Pochodzenie etnolektu hałcnowskiego w świetle fonetyki i fonologii historycznej”, in Badania diachroniczne w Polsce (in Polish)
• Marek Dolatowski (2013) “Słownictwo hałcnowskie jako odbicie historii etnolektu i historii wsi”, in Kwartalnik Językoznawczy (in Polish)
• Marek Dolatowski (2013) “Słowniczek polsko-hałcnowski”, in Kwartalnik Językoznawczy (in Polish)

ich

1. I

• Ich (royal)

From Middle High German ich, from Old High German ih, from Proto-West Germanic *ik, from Proto-Germanic *ek, *ik, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂.

• IPA^(key): /ɪç/

• Audio:

  (file)

• Audio:

  (file)

• Audio (Austria):

  (file)

• Homophone: Ich
• Rhymes: -ɪç

ich

1. I (first person singular nominative (subject) pronoun)

In contemporary German, the genitive forms of personal pronouns are restricted to formal style and are infrequent even there. They may be used:

• for the genitive object still found in a handful of verbs: Er erbarmte sich meiner. – "He had mercy on me". (Colloquially one would either use the dative case, or a prepositional object, or replace the verb with another.)
• with certain adjectives or prepositions that govern the genitive, such as statt ("instead of, in place of"): Er kam statt meiner in die Mannschaft. – "He joined the team in my place." This sounds antiquated, and an meiner Statt or an meiner Stelle is preferable (in which case meiner is not a genitive, but a form of the possessive determiner mein).

• Ich n
• lyrisches Ich n

• “ich” in Duden online
• “ich” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

• eich

From Middle High German ich, from Old High German ih, from Proto-West Germanic *ik, from Proto-Germanic *ek, *ik, from Proto-Indo-European *éǵh₂.

• IPA^(key): /iç/

ich

1. I

   Ich sin en Fraa.

   I am a woman.

   Ich komme fun de Fabrick.

   I'm coming from the factory.

• Piter Kehoma Boll (2021) “ich”, in Dicionário Hunsriqueano Riograndense–Português (in Portuguese), 3rd edition, Ivoti: Riograndenser Hunsrickisch, page 80

ich

1. I

From Proto-Mayan *iihk.

ich

1. chili pepper

• Church, Clarence, Church, Katherine (1955) Vocabulario castellano-jacalteco, jacalteco-castellano‎ (in Spanish), Guatemala C. A.: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, page 18; 24

• iech, ik
• iich (Eupen)
• ech (Southeast Limburgish)

From Old High German ih, from Proto-West Germanic *ik, from Proto-Germanic *ek, *ik.

• (most dialects) IPA^(key):
• (Maastrichtian) IPA^(key):

ich (personal)

1. I

• IPA^(key): /ɪ̀c/

ich

1. stomach

• IPA^(key): /itʃ/

ich

1. Alternative form of I

• Ich is the Southern and sometimes Midland form of I in Middle English, which corresponds to ik of the Northern dialect.

ich

1. Alternative form of ech

ich

1. Alternative form of ech

From Old High German ih.

ich

1. (personal) I

• Alemannic German: ich, ig, i
  • Sensler: ^[1]
  • Swabian: i
    • Sathmar Swabian: i
• Bavarian: i
  • Cimbrian: ich (Setti Comuni); i (Luserna)
  • Gottscheerish: iχ, ī, i (unstressed); iχχe (emphatic)
  • Mòcheno: i
• Central Franconian: ich, eich, ech
  • Hunsrückisch: äijsch
    • Hunsrik: ich ^[2]
  • Britten: , ^[3]
  • Kölsch: ich^[4]
• East Central German:
  • Erzgebirgisch: iech
  • Silesian East Central German: iech
  • Upper Saxon German: isch, ische
• East Franconian: i, iech
• German: ich
• Luxembourgish: ech
• Rhine Franconian:
  • Hessian: aisch
  • Pennsylvania German: ich ^[5]
• Vilamovian: ych
• Yiddish: איך (ikh), ich

From Middle High German ich, from Old High German ih. Compare German ich, Dutch ik, English I, Old Norse ek.

ich

1. I

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jixъ, from Proto-Balto-Slavic *eiša, from Proto-Indo-European *éysom.

• IPA^(key): /ˈix/

• Audio 1:

  (file)

• Audio 2:

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ix
• Syllabification: ich

ich (indeclinable)

1. possessive pronoun for oni or one, namely their or theirs

ich

1. genitive of oni; them
2. genitive of one; them
3. personal masculine accusative of oni; them

• nich
• Appendix:Polish pronouns

• ich in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• ich in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Cognate to German ich.

ich

1. (Kassel) I

• Du; De (“you (singular)”)

• nich, ne (after prepositions)

• IPA^(key):

ich (indeclinable)

1. (possessive) their, theirs

ich

1. genitive/accusative of oni and ony

• “ich”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2003–2024

Cognate to German ich.

ich

1. (possibly less common) I
   • 1863, Jakob Friedrich Schmidt, Gedichte in schwäbischer Mundart von J. F. Schmidt:
     • p. 16:

       Daß iar aber it moinet, i dä gar nix dett doba, so habe ich nothwendig Euch zu sagen, daß dau Arbet gnug geit,

       Ich habe zwar nicht nothwendig Euch zu sagen, warum i net mitturna dua, abr

     • P 30:

       „Herr Fürst,“ haut do der Pfortner gsait,
       „Ich habs verstekt da nei,
       Denn da kommt ebn die ganze Zeit
       Kei eiz'ger Mensch nich rei!“

     • P 46:

       Darum will ich ihm iatz deuta,
       Daß mir ganz mit Heaz und Händ
       Alles Loid und alle Freuda
       Redlich mit ihm thoila wend.

• Nominative: ich (less common); i
• Dative: mir
• Accusative: mi

• i', i

• Sathmar Swabian: i

• Du, dat. Dir, acc. Di (“you (singular)”)
• -s (“it, enclitic”)

ich

1. dative and accusative of ihr (“you (plural)”)

Cognate to German ich.

ich

1. I

ich

1. I

• Ich

From Middle English ich, from Old English iċ, from Proto-West Germanic *ik. Compare obsolete English ich.

• IPA^(key): /ɪt͡ʃ/

ich

1. I
   • 1867, GLOSSARY OF THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 79:

     Ich woul ich had.

     I wish I had.

   • 1867, “THE BRIDE'S PORTION”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 102:

     A portion ich gae her, was (it's now ich have ee-tolth)

     The portion I gave her was (it's now I have told)

   • 1867, “JAMEEN QOUGEELY EE-PEALTHE”, in SONGS, ETC. IN THE DIALECT OF FORTH AND BARGY, page 110, lines 5-6:

     If ich hadh Peeougheen a Buch, Meyleare a Slut, Peedher Ghiel-laaune, an Jackeen Bugaaune,

     If I had Hugh the Buck, Meyler the Sloven, Peter the Smart Man, and John Boggan,

• 'ch- (clitic)

• Jacob Poole (d. 1827) (before 1828) William Barnes, editor, A Glossary, With some Pieces of Verse, of the old Dialect of the English Colony in the Baronies of Forth and Bargy, County of Wexford, Ireland, London: J. Russell Smith, published 1867, page 47

From Proto-Mayan *Haty.

• IPA^(key):

ich (plural ichoʼob)

1. eye
2. face
3. fruit

• Beltrán de Santa Rosa María, Pedro (1746) Arte de el idioma maya reducido a succintas reglas, y semilexicon yucateco (in Spanish), Mexico: Por la Biuda de D. Joseph Bernardo de Hogal, page 164: “Ich ssssss s ssss Ojo.”
• Montgomery, John (2004) Maya-English, English-Maya (Yucatec) Dictionary & Phrasebook, New York: Hippocrene Books, Inc., →ISBN, page 59

Cognate to German ich.

ich

1. I