From ì- (“nominalizing prefix”) + jàpá (“the motion of one moving awkwardly”, ideophone), literally “That which moves around awkwardly”.
ìjàpá
Yoruba Varieties and Languages - ìjàpá (“tortoise, turtle”) | |||||
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Language Family | Variety Group | Variety/Language | Subdialect | Location | Words |
Proto-Itsekiri-SEY | Southeast Yoruba | Ìjẹ̀bú | Ìjẹ̀bú | Ìjẹ̀bú Òde | ọlọ́bawun |
Oǹdó | Oǹdó | ọnié | |||
Ìtsẹkírì | Ìwẹrẹ | olukume | |||
Olùkùmi | Ugbódù | ághọ́n | |||
Proto-Yoruba | Central Yoruba | Èkìtì | Èkìtì | Àdó Èkìtì | ìjàpá, aụn, alábaụn, ọlọ́baụn |
Àkúrẹ́ | Àkúrẹ́ | ìjàpá, aụn, alábaụn, ọlọ́baụn | |||
Mọ̀bà | Ọ̀tùn Èkìtì | ìjàpá, aụn, alábaụn, ọlọ́baụn | |||
Ìgbómìnà | Ìfẹ́lódùn LGA | ìjàpá | |||
Ìrẹ́pọ̀dùn LGA | alábaun | ||||
Ìsin LGA | ìjàpá | ||||
Northwest Yoruba | Àwórì | Èbúté Mẹ́tà | ìjàpá, awun, alábawun | ||
Èkó | Èkó | ìjàpá, awun, alábawun | |||
Ìbàdàn | Ìbàdàn | ìjàpá, ahun, alábahun | |||
Ìbàràpá | Igbó Òrà | ìjàpá, ahun, alábahun | |||
Ìbọ̀lọ́ | Òṣogbo | ìjàpá, ahun, alábahun | |||
Ọ̀fà | ìjàpá, ahun, alábahun | ||||
Ìlọrin | Ìlọrin | ìjàpá, ahun, alábahun | |||
Oǹkó | Ìtẹ̀síwájú LGA | ìjàpá, ahun, alábahun | |||
Ìwàjówà LGA | ìjàpá, ahun, alábahun | ||||
Kájọlà LGA | ìjàpá, ahun, alábahun | ||||
Ìsẹ́yìn LGA | ìjàpá, ahun, alábahun | ||||
Ṣakí West LGA | ìjàpá, ahun, alábahun | ||||
Atisbo LGA | ìjàpá, ahun, alábahun | ||||
Ọlọ́runṣògo LGA | ìjàpá, ahun, alábahun | ||||
Ọ̀yọ́ | Ọ̀yọ́ | ìjàpá, ahun, alábahun | |||
Ògbómọ̀ṣọ́ | ìjàpá, ahun, alábahun | ||||
Standard Yorùbá | Nàìjíríà | ìjàpá, ahun, awun, alábawun | |||
Bɛ̀nɛ̀ | ìjàkpá, ahun, awun, alábawun | ||||
Northeast Yoruba/Okun | Owé | Kabba | ọbaun | ||
Ede Languages/Southwest Yoruba | Ana | Sokode | ɔ̀kpɔ̀lɔ́ | ||
Cábɛ̀ɛ́ | Cábɛ̀ɛ́ | ògìdɛ́n, ìjàkpá | |||
Tchaourou | ògìdɛ́n | ||||
Ìcà | Bantè | ògìdɔ̃́ | |||
Ìdàácà | Benin | Igbó Ìdàácà | ògìdán, áwìrì | ||
Ọ̀họ̀rí/Ɔ̀hɔ̀rí-Ìjè | Ọ̀họ̀rí/Ɔ̀hɔ̀rí/Ìjè | Ìkpòbɛ́ | ògìdán | ||
Onigbolo | agidan | ||||
Kétu/Ànàgó | Kétu | ògìdán | |||
Ifɛ̀ | Akpáré | ègìɖã́ | |||
Atakpamé | ègìɖã́ | ||||
Boko | ègìdã́ | ||||
Est-Mono | ègìɖã́ | ||||
Moretan | ògìdã́ | ||||
Tchetti | ègìɖã́ | ||||
Kura | Awotébi | ahaowo | |||
Partago | abãõ | ||||
Mɔ̄kɔ́lé | Kandi | baawɔ̃ | |||
Northern Nago | Kambole | àjàkpá | |||
Manigri | ògìdã́ | ||||
Note: This amalgamation of terms comes from a number of different academic papers focused on the unique varieties and languages spoken in the Yoruboid dialectal continuum which extends from eastern Togo to southern Nigeria. The terms for spoken varieties, now deemed dialects of Yorùbá in Nigeria (i.e. Southeast Yorùbá, Northwest Yorùbá, Central Yorùbá, and Northeast Yorùbá), have converged with those of Standard Yorùbá leading to the creation of what can be labeled Common Yorùbá (Funṣọ Akere, 1977). It can be assumed that the Standard Yorùbá term can also be used in most Nigerian varieties alongside native terms, especially amongst younger speakers. This does not apply to the other Nigerian Yoruboid languages of Ìṣẹkírì and Olùkùmi, nor the Èdè Languages of Benin and Togo. |