ile
Audio (Southern England): | (file) |
ile
ile (plural iles)
ile (plural iles)
Unknown
Audio: | (file) |
ile inan
indefinite | singular | plural | |
---|---|---|---|
absolutive | ile | ilea | ileak |
ergative | ilek | ileak | ileek |
dative | ileri | ileari | ileei |
genitive | ileren | ilearen | ileen |
comitative | ilerekin | ilearekin | ileekin |
causative | ilerengatik | ilearengatik | ileengatik |
benefactive | ilerentzat | ilearentzat | ileentzat |
instrumental | ilez | ileaz | ileez |
inessive | iletan | ilean | ileetan |
locative | iletako | ileko | ileetako |
allative | iletara | ilera | ileetara |
terminative | iletaraino | ileraino | ileetaraino |
directive | iletarantz | ilerantz | ileetarantz |
destinative | iletarako | ilerako | ileetarako |
ablative | iletatik | iletik | ileetatik |
partitive | ilerik | — | — |
prolative | iletzat | — | — |
ile
ile
From Middle Low German īlen, from Old Saxon ilian.
ile (past tense ilede, past participle ilet)
Audio: | (file) |
ile f (plural iles)
Most likely from Ancient Greek εἰλεός (eileós, “colic”), from εἰλέω (eiléō, “throng, press”), from Proto-Indo-European *welH- (“turn, wind, round”), same source as with Old Armenian գելում (gelum).
īle n (genitive īlis); third declension
Third-declension noun (neuter, “pure” i-stem).
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | īle | īlia |
genitive | īlis | īlium |
dative | īlī | īlibus |
accusative | īle | īlia |
ablative | īlī | īlibus |
vocative | īle | īlia |
ile
ile
Borrowed from Middle Low German īlen, from Proto-West Germanic *īlijan (“to make haste, hasten”).
ile (present tense iler, past tense ilte, past participle ilt, passive infinitive ilast, present participle ilande, imperative il)
Perhaps related to Middle Low German ilen or German eilen.
ile f (definite singular ila, indefinite plural iler, definite plural ilene)
ile m (definite singular ilen, indefinite plural ilar, definite plural ilane)
{{rfdef}}
.From Proto-West Germanic *ili, from Proto-Germanic *ili (“sole”).
ile m
Strong i-stem:
singular | plural | |
---|---|---|
nominative | ile | ilas |
accusative | ile | ilas |
genitive | iles | ila |
dative | ile | ilum |
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *jelě.
ile
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
ile m
ile (plural iles)
ile
From Ottoman Turkish ایله (ile, “with”), from Proto-Turkic *bile (“with; together, also”)
ile
ile
These usage notes apply equally to the use of ile as a postposition and as a conjunction.
The term can be used as a stand-alone word, but usually takes the form of an enclitic, that is, it is suffixed to the preceding word as -la / -yla or -le / -yle. Which form is used depends on the affixed word's dominant vowel, and whether the word ends in a vowel or a consonant.
An apostrophe is required when suffixed to a proper noun:
Generally, the stress in a Turkish word goes to the last syllable, but, when used as an enclitic, (y)le / (y)la is unstressed and leaves the stress of the preceding word to which it is suffixed unchanged.
In a curious exception to vowel harmony, the suffix -yla raises a preceding back vowel ı to a front vowel i. For example, the word dolayısıyla (“consequently”, “therefore”) is pronounced /doɫɑjɯˈsɯjɫɑ/.
The dual role of the term can occasionally result in an ambiguity. The saying bir taşla iki kuş vurmak, literally “to hit two birds with one stone”, can (theoretically) also mean “to hit one stone and two birds”.
Proposed to be derived from Proto-Yoruboid *ú-lí. Cognates include Ifè ilé, Itsekiri ulí, Igala únyí, Ede Ije ńné, Olukumi ulé. Many dialects of Southeast Yoruba retain the form ulí.
Yoruba Varieties and Languages - ilé (“house”) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
view map; edit data | |||||
Language Family | Variety Group | Variety/Language | Subdialect | Location | Words |
Proto-Itsekiri-SEY | Southeast Yoruba | Ào | Ìdóàní | ulí | |
Eastern Àkókó | Ìkàrẹ́ | Ìkàrẹ́ Àkókó | ulí | ||
Àkùngbá | Àkùngbá Àkókó | ulí | |||
Ọ̀bà | Ọ̀bà Àkókó | ulí | |||
Ìdànrè | Ìdànrè | ulí | |||
Ìjẹ̀bú | Ìjẹ̀bú | Ìjẹ̀bú Òde | ulé | ||
Àgọ́ Ìwòyè | ulé | ||||
Ìjẹ̀bú Igbó | ulé | ||||
Rẹ́mọ | Ẹ̀pẹ́ | ulé | |||
Ìkòròdú | ulé | ||||
Ṣágámù | ulé | ||||
Ìkálẹ̀ | Òkìtìpupa | ulí | |||
Ìlàjẹ | Mahin | ulí | |||
Oǹdó | Oǹdó | ulí | |||
Ọ̀wọ̀ | Ọ̀wọ̀ | ulí | |||
Usẹn | Usẹn | ulí | |||
Ìtsẹkírì | Ìwẹrẹ | ulí, inọ́lí | |||
Olùkùmi | Ugbódù | ulé | |||
Proto-Yoruba | Central Yoruba | Èkìtì | Èkìtì | Àdó Èkìtì | ulé |
Ìfàkì Èkìtì | ulé | ||||
Àkúrẹ́ | Àkúrẹ́ | ulé | |||
Mọ̀bà | Ọ̀tùn Èkìtì | ulé | |||
Ifẹ̀ | Ilé Ifẹ̀ | ulé | |||
Ìjẹ̀ṣà | Iléṣà | ulé | |||
Òkè Igbó | Òkè Igbó | ilé | |||
Northwest Yoruba | Àwórì | Èbúté Mẹ́tà | ilé | ||
Ìgbẹsà | ilé | ||||
Ọ̀tà | ilé | ||||
Agége | ilé | ||||
Ìlogbò Erémi | ilé | ||||
Ìbàdàn | Ìbàdàn | ilé | |||
Ìbọ̀lọ́ | Òṣogbo | ilé | |||
Ìlọrin | Ìlọrin | ilé | |||
Oǹkó | Ìtẹ̀síwájú LGA | n̄lé | |||
Ìwàjówà LGA | n̄lé | ||||
Kájọlà LGA | n̄lé | ||||
Ìsẹ́yìn LGA | n̄lé | ||||
Ṣakí West LGA | n̄lé | ||||
Atisbo LGA | n̄lé | ||||
Ọlọ́runṣògo LGA | n̄lé | ||||
Ọ̀yọ́ | Ọ̀yọ́ | ilé | |||
Ògbómọ̀ṣọ́ | ilé | ||||
Ìkirè | ilé | ||||
Ìwó | ilé | ||||
Standard Yorùbá | Nàìjíríà | ilé | |||
Bɛ̀nɛ̀ | ilé | ||||
Northeast Yoruba/Okun | Ìyàgbà | Yàgbà East LGA | ilé | ||
Owé | Kabba | ilé, ulé | |||
Ede Languages/Southwest Yoruba | Ana | Sokode | ilé | ||
Cábɛ̀ɛ́ | Cábɛ̀ɛ́ | ilé | |||
Tchaourou | ilé | ||||
Ìcà | Agoua | ilé, n̄lé | |||
Ìdàácà | Benin | Igbó Ìdàácà | ilé | ||
Ọ̀họ̀rí/Ɔ̀hɔ̀rí-Ìjè | Ọ̀họ̀rí/Ɔ̀hɔ̀rí/Ìjè | Ìkpòbɛ́ | ilé | ||
Ọ̀húnbẹ́ | ilé | ||||
Ẹ̀gbádò | Ayétòrò | ilé | |||
Igbógila | ilé | ||||
Ìjàká | ilé | ||||
Ìlaròó | ilé | ||||
Ìṣàwọ́njọ | ilé | ||||
Kétu/Ànàgó | Ìlárá | ilé | |||
Ìmẹ̀kọ | ilé | ||||
Kétu | ilé | ||||
Ifɛ̀ | Akpáré | ilé | |||
Atakpamé | ilé | ||||
Boko | ilé | ||||
Moretan | ilé | ||||
Tchetti | ilé | ||||
Kura | Aledjo-Koura | ilé | |||
Northern Nago | Kambole | ilé | |||
Manigri | ilé | ||||
Southern Nago | Ìsakété | ilé | |||
Ìfànyìn | ilé | ||||
Overseas Yoruba | Lucumí | Havana | ilé | ||
Note: This amalgamation of terms comes from a number of different academic papers focused on the unique varieties and languages spoken in the Yoruboid dialectal continuum which extends from eastern Togo to southern Nigeria. The terms for spoken varieties, now deemed dialects of Yorùbá in Nigeria (i.e. Southeast Yorùbá, Northwest Yorùbá, Central Yorùbá, and Northeast Yorùbá), have converged with those of Standard Yorùbá leading to the creation of what can be labeled Common Yorùbá (Funṣọ Akere, 1977). It can be assumed that the Standard Yorùbá term can also be used in most Nigerian varieties alongside native terms, especially amongst younger speakers. This does not apply to the other Nigerian Yoruboid languages of Ìṣẹkírì and Olùkùmi, nor the Èdè Languages of Benin and Togo. |