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illik
illik
This verb is called a pseudo-ik verb, as its -ik ending presents itself only in the 3rd-person singular (indicative present) form, but it is not an -ik verb in any other aspect. As a result, it cannot take the -om/-em/-öm ending in the 1st-person singular (indicative present) form, even in the most erudite style, only -ok/-ek/-ök. Naturally, the optional -m ending cannot appear, either, in their subjunctive or conditional 1st-person singular forms, so only -jak/-jek and -nék is possible in these respective forms. These verbs include the following: bomlik, (el)bújik, (meg)érik, (le)folyik, (össze)gyűlik, hazudik, (le)hull(ik), (bele)/(oda)illik, (meg)jelenik, (el)kopik, (el)múlik, ömlik, (meg)születik, (meg)szűnik, (meg)telik, tojik, (el)törik, (el)/(fel)tűnik, (el)válik, and (el)züllik. (Ki)nyílik partially belongs here, as it cannot take the first-person -om ending but it can take the third-person -jék.
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | illek | illesz | illik | illünk | illetek | illenek | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | illettem | illettél | illett | illettünk | illettetek | illettek | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. illeni fog. | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | illék or illém |
illél | ille or illék |
illénk | illétek | illének | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. illik vala, illett vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | illendek (or illendem) |
illendesz (or illendel) |
illend (or illendik*) |
illendünk | illendetek | illendenek | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | illenék (or illeném) |
illenél | illene (or illenék*) |
illenénk | illenétek | illenének | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. illett volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | illjek | illj or illjél |
illjen or illjék |
illjünk | illjetek | illjenek | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. illett légyen | ||||||||
| Infinitive | illeni | illenem | illened | illenie | illenünk | illenetek | illeniük | ||
| Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
| illés | illő | illett | illendő | illve (illvén) | |||||
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | illhetek | illhetsz (or illhetel) |
illhet (or illhetik) |
illhetünk | illhettek | illhetnek | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | illhettem | illhettél | illhetett | illhettünk | illhettetek | illhettek | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | illheték or illhetém |
illhetél | illhete or illheték |
illheténk | illhetétek | illhetének | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. illhet vala, illhetett vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | illhetendek or illandhatok (or illhetendem or illandhatom) |
illhetendesz or illandhatsz (or illhetendel or illandhatol) |
illhetend or illandhat (or illhetendik or illandhatik*) |
illhetendünk or illandhatunk |
illhetendetek or illandhattok |
illhetendenek or illandhatnak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | illhetnék (or illhetném) |
illhetnél | illhetne (or illhetnék*) |
illhetnénk | illhetnétek | illhetnének | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. illhetett volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | illhessek (or illhessem) |
illhess or illhessél |
illhessen (or illhessék) |
illhessünk | illhessetek | illhessenek | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. illhetett légyen | ||||||||
| Inf. | (illhetni) | (illhetnem) | (illhetned) | (illhetnie) | (illhetnünk) | (illhetnetek) | (illhetniük) | ||
| Positive adjective | ― | Neg. adj. | ― | Adv. part. | (illhetve / illhetvén) | ||||
In the impersonal sense:
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | only 3rd-person forms | illik | only 3rd-person forms | illenek | |||
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | ― | illett | ― | illettek | ||||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. illeni fog. | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | ― | ille or illék |
― | illének | ||||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. illik vala, illett vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | ― | illend (or illendik) |
― | illendenek | ||||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | ― | illene (or illenék) |
― | illenének | |||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. illett volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | ― | illjen or illjék |
― | illjenek | |||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. illett légyen | ||||||||
| Infinitive | illeni | ― | illenie | ― | illeniük | ||||
| Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
| illés | illő | illett | illendő | illve (illvén) | |||||
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | only 3rd-person forms | illhet (or illhetik) |
only 3rd-person forms | illhetnek | |||
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | ― | illhetett | ― | illhettek | ||||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | ― | illhete or illheték |
― | illhetének | ||||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. illhet vala, illhetett vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | ― | illhetend or illandhat (or illhetendik or illandhatik) |
― | illhetendenek or illandhatnak | ||||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | ― | illhetne (or illhetnék) |
― | illhetnének | |||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. illhetett volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | ― | illhessen (or illhessék) |
― | illhessenek | |||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. illhetett légyen | ||||||||
| Inf. | (illhetni) | ― | (illhetnie) | ― | (illhetniük) | ||||
| Positive adjective | ― | Neg. adj. | ― | Adv. part. | (illhetve / illhetvén) | ||||
(With verbal prefixes):
Probably from the obsolete stem ir- (“to run”), which is also the basis of iramlik (“to shoot off, scuttle off”), with its stem-final -r altered to -l, itself a frequentative suffix -l, followed by the instantaneous verb-forming suffix -(a)n.[1]
illik
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | illok | illasz | illik | illunk | illotok | illanak | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | illottam | illottál | illott | illottunk | illottatok | illottak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Future | Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. illani fog. | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | illék | illál | illa | illánk | illátok | illának | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. illik vala, illott vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | illandok | illandasz | illand | illandunk | illandotok | illandanak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | illanék | illanál | illana | illanánk | illanátok | illanának | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. illott volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | illjak | illj or illjál |
illjon | illjunk | illjatok | illjanak | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. illott légyen | ||||||||
| Infinitive | illani | illanom | illanod | illania | illanunk | illanotok | illaniuk | ||
| Other forms |
Verbal noun | Present part. | Past part. | Future part. | Adverbial participle | Causative | |||
| illás | illó | illott | ― | illva (illván) | |||||
| Click for archaic forms | 1st person sg | 2nd person sg informal |
3rd person sg, 2nd p. sg formal |
1st person pl | 2nd person pl informal |
3rd person pl, 2nd p. pl formal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Indicative mood |
Present | Indef. | illhatok | illhatsz | illhat | illhatunk | illhattok | illhatnak | |
| Def. | intransitive verb, definite forms are not used | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indef. | illhattam | illhattál | illhatott | illhattunk | illhattatok | illhattak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Preterit |
Indef. | illhaték | illhatál | illhata | illhatánk | illhatátok | illhatának | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Archaic Past | Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. illhat vala, illhatott vala/volt. | ||||||||
| Archaic Future |
Indef. | illhatandok or illandhatok |
illhatandasz or illandhatsz |
illhatand or illandhat |
illhatandunk or illandhatunk |
illhatandotok or illandhattok |
illhatandanak or illandhatnak | ||
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Conditional mood |
Present | Indef. | illhatnék | illhatnál | illhatna | illhatnánk | illhatnátok | illhatnának | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| Past | Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. illhatott volna | ||||||||
| Subjunctive mood |
Present | Indef. | illhassak | illhass or illhassál |
illhasson | illhassunk | illhassatok | illhassanak | |
| Def. | ― | ||||||||
| 2nd-p. o. | ― | ||||||||
| (Archaic) Past | Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. illhatott légyen | ||||||||
| Inf. | (illhatni) | (illhatnom) | (illhatnod) | (illhatnia) | (illhatnunk) | (illhatnotok) | (illhatniuk) | ||
| Positive adjective | ― | Neg. adj. | ― | Adv. part. | (illhatva / illhatván) | ||||