imperium

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See also: Imperium and impérium

English

English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin imperium (“power, command”), from imperō (“command, order”), from im- (form of in) + parō (“prepare, arrange; intend”). Doublet of empery and empire.

Pronunciation

Noun

imperium (countable and uncountable, plural imperia or imperiums)

  1. Supreme power; dominion.
  2. The right to command the force of the state; sovereignty.

Related terms

Translations

dominion — see dominion
sovereignty — see sovereignty

Danish

Alternative forms

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin imperium.

Pronunciation

Noun

imperium n (singular definite imperiet, plural indefinite imperier)

  1. empire

References

Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin imperium.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˌɪmˈpeː.ri.ʏm/
  • Audio(file)
  • Hyphenation: im‧pe‧ri‧um

Noun

imperium n (plural imperia, diminutive imperiumpje n)

  1. empire
    Synonyms: keizerrijk, rijk
  2. business empire

Related terms

Indonesian

Indonesian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia id

Etymology

From Dutch imperium, from Latin imperium.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ɪmpeˈriʊm/
  • Rhymes: -ʊm, -m
  • Hyphenation: im‧pé‧ri‧um

Noun

impérium (plural imperium-imperium, first-person possessive imperiumku, second-person possessive imperiummu, third-person possessive imperiumnya)

  1. empire.
    Synonyms: kekaisaran, kemaharajaan

Alternative forms

Related terms

Further reading

Latin

FWOTD – 9 May 2017

Alternative forms

Etymology

From imperō (“command, order”) +‎ -ium, from im- (form of in) + parō (“prepare, arrange; intend”).

Pronunciation

Noun

imperium n (genitive imperiī or imperī); second declension

  1. The empire, state, imperial government, realm, dominion.
    • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 1.279:
      “imperium sine fīne dedī”
      “I have granted them empire without end.”
      (The poetic voice is that of Jupiter speaking about the Romans.)
    • 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 5.95–96:
      “quō postquam ventum est, ‘cōnsistitē!’ praescia māter
      ‘nam locus imperiī rūs erit istud’ ait.”
      “After he had arrived there, his prophetic mother said, ‘Halt!, for that countryside will be the place of empire.’”
      (The muse Calliope tells what the prophetess Carmenta said to Carmenta’s son, Evander of Pallantium, after his arrival in Italy.)
  2. The right or power to command or be in control; dominion.
    Synonyms: ductus, potestas, arbitrium, auctōritās
  3. Absolute command or authority over the empire (or other polity); sovereignty; sway.
    Synonym: diciō
    • 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 1.532:
      hanc fās imperiī frēna tenēre domum
      It is divine will that this house should hold the reins of empire.
  4. (military) Military authority, the command (of an army).
    • 27 BCE – 25 BCE, Titus Livius, Ab Urbe Condita 26.1:
      Q. Fuluio Ap. Claudio, prioris anni consulibus, prorogatum imperium est atque exercitus quos habebant decreti, adiectumque ne a Capua quam obsidebant abscederent priusquam expugnassent.
      The military authority of Quintus Fulvius and Appius Claudius, consuls of the previous year, was extended and the armies which they had were decided upon, and it was added as a proviso that they should not withdraw from Capua, which they were besieging, until they conquered it.
  5. The exercise of authority, rule, law, control, sovereignty.
    Synonyms: diciō, praescrīptum, rēgula
  6. A command, order, direction, bidding.
    Synonyms: dēcrētum, praeceptum, iussus, ēdictum, ēdictiō, nūntius, scītum, dēcrētiō, mandātum

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

Case Singular Plural
Nominative imperium imperia
Genitive imperiī
imperī1 		imperiōrum
Dative imperiō imperiīs
Accusative imperium imperia
Ablative imperiō imperiīs
Vocative imperium imperia

1Found in older Latin (until the Augustan Age).

Derived terms

Related terms

Descendants

References

  • “imperium”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “imperium”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • imperium in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • imperium in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
    • to enlarge the boundaries of a kingdom: fines (imperii) propagare, extendere, (longius) proferre
    • the empire reaches to the ends of the world: imperium orbis terrarum terminis definitur
    • to be a strict disciplinarian in one's household: severum imperium in suis exercere, tenere (De Sen. 11. 37)
    • monarchy: imperium singulare, unius dominatus, regium imperium
    • government by the mob: multitudinis dominatus or imperium
    • democracy: imperium populi or populare, civitas or res publica popularis
    • to confer supreme power on a person: imperium, rerum summam deferre alicui
    • to have power over some one: imperium tenere (in aliquem)
    • to maintain power, authority: imperium obtinere
    • to have unlimited power; to be invested with imperium: cum imperio esse (cf. XVI. 3)
    • to hold a high office (such as conferred imperium, i.e. consulatus, dictatura, praetura): in imperio esse
    • to prolong the command for a year: imperium in annum prorogare
    • to lay down one's power: imperium deponere (Rep. 2. 12. 23)
    • absolute power; autocracy: imperium singulare
    • to take upon oneself absolute power: imperium, regnum, tyrannidem occupare
    • to attack, overthrow a tyranny: imperium oppugnare, percellere
    • to prolong a person's command: prorogare alicui imperium (in annum)
    • civil and military offices: magistratus et imperia (Sall. Iug. 3. 1)
    • to deprive a person of his position as commandant: abrogare alicui imperium
    • the command-in-chief: summa belli, imperii (B. G. 2. 4. 7)
    • to hold a high command: cum imperio esse
    • to be commander-in-chief: imperii summam tenere (Rep. 2. 28)
    • to be commander-in-chief: imperii summae praeesse
    • to appoint some one commander-in-chief: imperii summam deferre alicui or ad aliquem, tradere alicui
    • the command is transferred, passes to some one: imperium transfertur ad aliquem (not transit)
    • to depose a person from his command: imperium alicui abrogare (Off.3. 10)
    • to make oneself master of a people, country: populum, terram suo imperio, suae potestati subicere (not sibi by itself)
    • to make one's submission to some one: se imperio alicuius subicere (not alicui)
    • to be subject to some one, under some one's dominion: sub imperio et dicione alicuius esse
    • to be subject to some one, under some one's dominion: subiectum esse, obnoxium esse imperio or dicioni alicuius (not simply alicui)
    • subjects: qui imperio subiecti sunt
  • “imperium”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • “imperium”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

Norwegian Bokmål

Norwegian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia no

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin imperium.

Noun

imperium n (definite singular imperiet, indefinite plural imperier, definite plural imperia or imperiene)

  1. an empire

References

Norwegian Nynorsk

Norwegian Nynorsk Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia nn

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin imperium.

Pronunciation

Noun

imperium n (definite singular imperiet, indefinite plural imperium, definite plural imperia)

  1. empire

References

Polish

Polish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia pl

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin imperium.

Pronunciation

Noun

imperium n

  1. (monarchy) empire (political unit, having numerous or extensive territories)

Declension

Declension of imperium
singular plural
nominative imperium imperia
genitive imperium imperiów
dative imperium imperiom
accusative imperium imperia
instrumental imperium imperiami
locative imperium imperiach
vocative imperium imperia

Related terms

adjectives
nouns

Further reading

  • imperium in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • imperium in Polish dictionaries at PWN

Swedish

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin imperium, used in Swedish since 1845.

Noun

imperium n

  1. an empire (state ruled by an emperor or czar)
    Synonyms: kejsardöme, kejsarrike, rike, stormaktsvälde
    Den 6 juni började Italien minera sitt imperiums kuster.
    On June 6 , Italy started to place mines along the coasts of its empire.
  2. an empire (huge state or similar sphere of power)
  3. an empire (business empire or the like)

Declension

Declension of imperium 
Singular Plural
Indefinite Definite Indefinite Definite
Nominative imperium imperiet imperier imperierna
Genitive imperiums imperiets imperiers imperiernas

Related terms

See also

References

Wikious
Boobota
Sagapedia