include

English

Alternative forms

• enclude (obsolete)

Etymology

From Middle English includen, borrowed from Latin inclūdere (“to shut in, enclose, insert”), from in- (“in”) + claudere (“to shut”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *kleh₂u- (“key, hook, nail”). Doublet of enclose. Displaced native Old English belūcan (“to include,” also “to shut in”).

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ɪnˈkluːd/
• (General American) IPA^(key): /ɪnˈkluːd/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -uːd

Verb

include (third-person singular simple present includes, present participle including, simple past and past participle included)

1. To bring into a group, class, set, or total as a (new) part or member.

   I will purchase the vacation package if you will include car rental.

2. To consider as part of something; to comprehend.

   The vacation package includes car rental.

   Does this volume of Shakespeare include his sonnets?

   I was included in the invitation to the family gathering.

   up to and including page twenty-five

   • 1667, John Milton, “Book VIII”, in Paradise Lost. , London: [Samuel Simmons], , →OCLC; republished as Paradise Lost in Ten Books: , London: Basil Montagu Pickering , 1873, →OCLC:

     The whole included race, his purposed prey.

   • c. 1593 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Tragedy of Richard the Third: ”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies  (First Folio), London: Isaac Iaggard, and Ed Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, :

     The loss of such a lord includes all harm.

3. (obsolete) To enclose, confine.
   • 1624, Democritus Junior [pseudonym; Robert Burton], The Anatomy of Melancholy: , 2nd edition, Oxford, Oxfordshire: Printed by John Lichfield and James Short, for Henry Cripps, →OCLC:
     , New York, 2001, p.107:

     I could have here willingly ranged, but these straits wherein I am included will not permit.

4. (obsolete) To conclude; to terminate.
   • c. 1590–1591 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The Two Gentlemen of Verona”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies  (First Folio), London: Isaac Iaggard, and Ed Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, :

     Come, let us go; we will include all jars / With triumphs, mirth, and rare solemnity.

5. (programming) To use a directive that allows the use of source code from another file.

   You have to include the strings library to use this function.

Antonyms

• exclude

Derived terms

Related terms

• inclusion (noun)
• inclusive (adjective)

Translations

Noun

include (plural includes)

1. (programming) A piece of source code or other content that is dynamically retrieved for inclusion in another item.
   • 2006, Laura Lemay, Rafe Colburn, Sams Teach Yourself Web Publishing with HTML and CSS in One Hour a Day:

     In the previous lesson, you learned how to use server-side includes, which enable you to easily include snippets of web pages within other web pages.

Derived terms

• include guard

Anagrams

• clued in, clued-in, nuclide

Italian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /inˈklu.de/
• Rhymes: -ude
• Hyphenation: in‧clù‧de

Verb

include

1. third-person singular present indicative of includere

Anagrams

• dulcine, nuclide

Latin

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /inˈkluː.de/,
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /inˈklu.de/,

Verb

inclūde

1. second-person singular present active imperative of inclūdō

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin includere. Doublet of the inherited închide.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /inˈklude/

Verb

a include (third-person singular present include, past participle inclus) 3rd conj.

1. to include

   Antonym: exclude

Conjugation

Derived terms

• includere

Related terms

• închis
• inclus
• inclusiv
• incluziune