infliger

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French

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin īnflīgere.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ɛ̃.fli.ʒe/
  • Audio:(file)

Verb

infliger

  1. to inflict, to impose

Conjugation

This is a regular -er verb, but the stem is written inflige- before endings that begin with -a- or -o- (to indicate that the -g- is a "soft" /ʒ/ and not a "hard" /ɡ/). This spelling change occurs in all verbs in -ger, such as neiger and manger.

Conjugation of infliger (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive simple infliger
compound avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1 simple infligeant
/ɛ̃.fli.ʒɑ̃/
compound ayant + past participle
past participle infligé
/ɛ̃.fli.ʒe/
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il, elle, on nous vous ils, elles
(simple
tenses) 		present inflige
/ɛ̃.fliʒ/ 		infliges
/ɛ̃.fliʒ/ 		inflige
/ɛ̃.fliʒ/ 		infligeons
/ɛ̃.fli.ʒɔ̃/ 		infligez
/ɛ̃.fli.ʒe/ 		infligent
/ɛ̃.fliʒ/
imperfect infligeais
/ɛ̃.fli.ʒɛ/ 		infligeais
/ɛ̃.fli.ʒɛ/ 		infligeait
/ɛ̃.fli.ʒɛ/ 		infligions
/ɛ̃.fli.ʒjɔ̃/ 		infligiez
/ɛ̃.fli.ʒje/ 		infligeaient
/ɛ̃.fli.ʒɛ/
past historic2 infligeai
/ɛ̃.fli.ʒe/ 		infligeas
/ɛ̃.fli.ʒa/ 		infligea
/ɛ̃.fli.ʒa/ 		infligeâmes
/ɛ̃.fli.ʒam/ 		infligeâtes
/ɛ̃.fli.ʒat/ 		infligèrent
/ɛ̃.fli.ʒɛʁ/
future infligerai
/ɛ̃.fliʒ.ʁe/ 		infligeras
/ɛ̃.fliʒ.ʁa/ 		infligera
/ɛ̃.fliʒ.ʁa/ 		infligerons
/ɛ̃.fliʒ.ʁɔ̃/ 		infligerez
/ɛ̃.fliʒ.ʁe/ 		infligeront
/ɛ̃.fliʒ.ʁɔ̃/
conditional infligerais
/ɛ̃.fliʒ.ʁɛ/ 		infligerais
/ɛ̃.fliʒ.ʁɛ/ 		infligerait
/ɛ̃.fliʒ.ʁɛ/ 		infligerions
/ɛ̃.fli.ʒə.ʁjɔ̃/ 		infligeriez
/ɛ̃.fli.ʒə.ʁje/ 		infligeraient
/ɛ̃.fliʒ.ʁɛ/
(compound
tenses) 		present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior2 past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses) 		present inflige
/ɛ̃.fliʒ/ 		infliges
/ɛ̃.fliʒ/ 		inflige
/ɛ̃.fliʒ/ 		infligions
/ɛ̃.fli.ʒjɔ̃/ 		infligiez
/ɛ̃.fli.ʒje/ 		infligent
/ɛ̃.fliʒ/
imperfect2 infligeasse
/ɛ̃.fli.ʒas/ 		infligeasses
/ɛ̃.fli.ʒas/ 		infligeât
/ɛ̃.fli.ʒa/ 		infligeassions
/ɛ̃.fli.ʒa.sjɔ̃/ 		infligeassiez
/ɛ̃.fli.ʒa.sje/ 		infligeassent
/ɛ̃.fli.ʒas/
(compound
tenses) 		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — inflige
/ɛ̃.fliʒ/ 		— infligeons
/ɛ̃.fli.ʒɔ̃/ 		infligez
/ɛ̃.fli.ʒe/ 		—
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
  • past historic → present perfect
  • past anterior → pluperfect
  • imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive
  • pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive

(Christopher Kendris , Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Further reading

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