insto

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See also: instó

Latin

Etymology

From in- (“after”) +‎ stō (“to stand”). The meaning developed from “stand behind” to “pursue, be imminent” to “press, urge”.

Pronunciation

Verb

īnstō (present infinitive īnstāre, perfect active īnstitī, future participle īnstātūrus); first conjugation, no supine stem except in the future active participle, limited passive

  1. (transitive, intransitive) to stand upon, set foot on
  2. to be nearby, close to, be imminent
    Synonyms: subsum, astō, immineo, stō, contingo, praesēns
    Antonyms: dissideō, distō, abstō
  3. (transitive, intransitive, with accusative or dative) to assail, press upon, harass
    Synonyms: invādō, oppugnō, incurrō, impetō, incessō, aggredior, excurrō, concurrō, occurrō, petō, inruō, accēdō, intrō, incēdō, incidō, irrumpō, adorior, adeō, opprimō, accurrō, appetō, arripiō, assiliō, invehō, lacessō
    Antonyms: repugnō, resistō, adversor, obversor, obstō, sistō
  4. (intransitive, with dative) to urge, pursue, insist, to be intent upon
    Synonyms: exsequor, persequor, sequor, cōnsequor, premō, agō, apīscor
  5. (transitive) to urge (forward), ply
  6. (intransitive) to be pressing, draw nigh, approach, threaten
    Synonym: immineō

Conjugation

   Conjugation of īnstō (first conjugation, no supine stem except in the future active participle, only third-person forms in passive)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present īnstō īnstās īnstat īnstāmus īnstātis īnstant
imperfect īnstābam īnstābās īnstābat īnstābāmus īnstābātis īnstābant
future īnstābō īnstābis īnstābit īnstābimus īnstābitis īnstābunt
perfect īnstitī īnstitistī īnstitit īnstitimus īnstitistis īnstitērunt,
īnstitēre
pluperfect īnstiteram īnstiterās īnstiterat īnstiterāmus īnstiterātis īnstiterant
future perfect īnstiterō īnstiteris īnstiterit īnstiterimus īnstiteritis īnstiterint
passive present — — īnstātur — — īnstantur
imperfect — — īnstābātur — — īnstābantur
future — — īnstābitur — — īnstābuntur
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present īnstem īnstēs īnstet īnstēmus īnstētis īnstent
imperfect īnstārem īnstārēs īnstāret īnstārēmus īnstārētis īnstārent
perfect īnstiterim īnstiterīs īnstiterit īnstiterīmus īnstiterītis īnstiterint
pluperfect īnstitissem īnstitissēs īnstitisset īnstitissēmus īnstitissētis īnstitissent
passive present — — īnstētur — — īnstentur
imperfect — — īnstārētur — — īnstārentur
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present — īnstā — — īnstāte —
future — īnstātō īnstātō — īnstātōte īnstantō
non-finite forms active passive
present perfect future present perfect future
infinitives īnstāre īnstitisse īnstātūrum esse īnstārī — —
participles īnstāns — īnstātūrus — — īnstandus
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
īnstandī īnstandō īnstandum īnstandō — —

Descendants

  • English: instant

References

  1. ^ Dunkel, George E. (2014) Lexikon der indogermanischen Partikeln und Pronominalstämme [Lexicon of Indo-European Particles and Pronominal Stems] (Indogermanische Bibliothek. 2. Reihe: Wörterbücher) (in German), volume 2: Lexikon, Heidelberg: Universitätsverlag Winter GmbH Heidelberg, →ISBN, page 243
  • insto in Enrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2024), Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication

Further reading

  • “insto”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “insto”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • insto in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
    • a war is imminent: bellum impendet, imminet, instat
    • to press the fugitives: fugientibus instare
  • insto in Ramminger, Johann (2016 July 16 (last accessed)) Neulateinische Wortliste: Ein Wörterbuch des Lateinischen von Petrarca bis 1700‎, pre-publication website, 2005-2016
  • “instant”, in The Century Dictionary , New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.

Portuguese

Verb

insto

  1. first-person singular present indicative of instar

Spanish

Verb

insto

  1. first-person singular present indicative of instar
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