iocus
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Latin
Etymology
From Proto-Italic *jokos, from Proto-Indo-European *yek- (“to speak”). Compare Old High German jehan, Welsh iaith, Breton yezh. Possibly cognate with English Yule, Danish Jule, Norwegian Bokmål Jul, Swedish Jul, and Norwegian Nynorsk jol.
Pronunciation
- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /ˈi̯o.kus/,
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈjo.kus/,
Noun
iocus m (genitive iocī); second declension
Declension
Second-declension noun (otherwise or neuter).
| Case | Singular | Plural |
|---|---|---|
| Nominative | iocus | iocī ioca |
| Genitive | iocī | iocōrum |
| Dative | iocō | iocīs |
| Accusative | iocum | iocōs ioca |
| Ablative | iocō | iocīs |
| Vocative | ioce | iocī ioca |
The inflection is irregular. The neuter plural is more likely to denote a collective.
Derived terms
Related terms
Descendants
- Aragonese: chuego
- Aromanian: gioc
- Asturian: xuegu
- Catalan: joc
- Franco-Provençal: juè
- French: jeu
- Friulian: zûc
- Italian: gioco, giuoco
- Ladin: jech
- Ligurian: zêugo
- Neapolitan: juoco
- Occitan: jòc
- Old Galician-Portuguese: jogo
- Romanian: joc
- Romansch: gieu, giug
- Sardinian: giogu, giocu, jogu, jocu, zocu
- Sicilian: jocu
- Spanish: juego
- Venetan: xogo, xugo, zugo
- Walloon: djeu
- Borrowings:
References
- iocus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- jocus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
- Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- I said it in jest: haec iocatus sum, per iocum dixi
- (ambiguous) joking apart: extra iocum, remoto ioco (Fam. 7. 11. 3)
- (ambiguous) to make a joke: ioco uti (Off. 1. 29. 103)
- (ambiguous) joking apart: extra iocum, remoto ioco (Fam. 7. 11. 3)
- I said it in jest: haec iocatus sum, per iocum dixi
- “iocus”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
- De Vaan, Michiel (2008) Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 308