irt

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See also: IRT and írt

Hungarian

Etymology

From Proto-Uralic *šure-.[1]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key):
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -irt

Verb

irt

  1. (transitive) to exterminate, to extirpate, to eradicate, to slaughter, to destroy

Usage notes

Not to be confused with írt (“s/he wrote”), spelled with a long í.

Conjugation

conjugation of irt
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal 		3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal 		1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal 		3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal


Indica­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. irtok irtasz irt irtunk irtotok irtanak
Def. irtom irtod irtja irtjuk irtjátok irtják
2nd-p. o. irtalak ―
Past Indef. irtottam irtottál irtott irtottunk irtottatok irtottak
Def. irtottam irtottad irtotta irtottuk irtottátok irtották
2nd-p. o. irtottalak ―
Future Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. irtani fog.
Archaic
Preterit 		Indef. irték irtál irta irtánk irtátok irtának
Def. irtám irtád irtá irtánk irtátok irták
2nd-p. o. irtálak ―
Archaic Past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. irt vala, irtott vala/volt.
Archaic
Future 		Indef. irtandok irtandasz irtand irtandunk irtandotok irtandanak
Def. irtandom irtandod irtandja irtandjuk irtandjátok irtandják
2nd-p. o. irtandalak ―
Condi­tional
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. irtanék irtanál irtana irtanánk irtanátok irtanának
Def. irtanám irtanád irtaná irtanánk
(or irtanók) 		irtanátok irtanák
2nd-p. o. irtanálak ―
Past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. irtott volna
Sub­junc­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. irtsak irts or
irtsál 		irtson irtsunk irtsatok irtsanak
Def. irtsam irtsd or
irtsad 		irtsa irtsuk irtsátok irtsák
2nd-p. o. irtsalak ―
(Archaic) Past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. irtott légyen
Infinitive irtani irtanom irtanod irtania irtanunk irtanotok irtaniuk
Other
forms 		Verbal noun Present part. Past part. Future part. Adverbial participle Causative
irtás irtó irtott irtandó irtva (irtván)
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular
(and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs).
potential conjugation of irt
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal 		3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal 		1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal 		3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal
Indica­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. irthatok irthatsz irthat irthatunk irthattok irthatnak
Def. irthatom irthatod irthatja irthatjuk irthatjátok irthatják
2nd-p. o. irthatlak ―
Past Indef. irthattam irthattál irthatott irthattunk irthattatok irthattak
Def. irthattam irthattad irthatta irthattuk irthattátok irthatták
2nd-p. o. irthattalak ―
Archaic
Preterit 		Indef. irthaték irthatál irthata irthatánk irthatátok irthatának
Def. irthatám irthatád irthatá irthatánk irthatátok irthaták
2nd-p. o. irthatálak ―
Archaic Past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. irthat vala, irthatott vala/volt.
Archaic
Future 		Indef. irthatandok
or irtandhatok 		irthatandasz
or irtandhatsz 		irthatand
or irtandhat 		irthatandunk
or irtandhatunk 		irthatandotok
or irtandhattok 		irthatandanak
or irtandhatnak
Def. irthatandom
or irtandhatom 		irthatandod
or irtandhatod 		irthatandja
or irtandhatja 		irthatandjuk
or irtandhatjuk 		irthatandjátok
or irtandhatjátok 		irthatandják
or irtandhatják
2nd-p. o. irthatandalak
or irtandhatlak 		―
Condi­tional
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. irthatnék irthatnál irthatna irthatnánk irthatnátok irthatnának
Def. irthatnám irthatnád irthatná irthatnánk
(or irthatnók) 		irthatnátok irthatnák
2nd-p. o. irthatnálak ―
Past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. irthatott volna
Sub­junc­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. irthassak irthass or
irthassál 		irthasson irthassunk irthassatok irthassanak
Def. irthassam irthasd or
irthassad 		irthassa irthassuk irthassátok irthassák
2nd-p. o. irthassalak ―
(Archaic) Past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. irthatott légyen
Inf. (irthatni) (irthatnom) (irthatnod) (irthatnia) (irthatnunk) (irthatnotok) (irthatniuk)
Positive adjective irtható Neg. adj. irthatatlan Adv. part. (irthatva / irthatván)

Derived terms

Compound words

(With verbal prefixes):

References

  1. ^ irt in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)

Further reading

  • irt in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
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