istotny

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Polish

Etymology

From istota +‎ -ny.[1][2][3] First attested in 1543.[4]

Pronunciation

 
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɔtnɘ
  • Syllabification: is‧tot‧ny

Adjective

istotny (comparative istotniejszy, superlative najistotniejszy, derived adverb istotnie)

  1. critical (having a big impact)
    Synonyms: relewantny, ważny, znaczący
  2. relevant (pertaining to the topic at hand)
  3. main, principal
    Synonyms: główny, podstawowy
  4. actual, real
    Synonyms: rzeczywisty, prawdziwy
  5. (obsolete, medicine) spontaneous (self-generated; happening without any apparent external cause)
    Synonym: samoistny
  6. (Middle Polish, in translations of Latin) essential

Declension

Declension of istotny (hard)
singular plural
masculine animate masculine inanimate feminine neuter virile (= masculine personal) non-virile
nominative istotny istotna istotne istotni istotne
genitive istotnego istotnej istotnego istotnych
dative istotnemu istotnej istotnemu istotnym
accusative istotnego istotny istotną istotne istotnych istotne
instrumental istotnym istotną istotnym istotnymi
locative istotnym istotnej istotnym istotnych

Derived terms

adjectives
nouns
verbs

Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), istotny is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 30 times in scientific texts, 8 times in news, 43 times in essays, 2 times in fiction, and 1 time in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 84 times, making it the 757th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[5]

References

  1. ^ Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “istota”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN
  2. ^ Mańczak, Witold (2017) “istota”, in Polski słownik etymologiczny (in Polish), Kraków: Polska Akademia Umiejętności, →ISBN
  3. ^ Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “istotny”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
  4. ^ Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “istotny”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
  5. ^ Ida Kurcz (1990) “istotny”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 157

Further reading

Wikious
Boobota
Sagapedia