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inde premēns stīvam dēsignat moenia sulcō; alba iugum niveō cum bove vacca tulit
From there, pressing the plow handle, he marks out the city walls with a furrow; a white cow with a snow-white bull bore the yoke. (Romulus uses a plow to mark where the defensive walls of Rome are to be built. The flexibility of Latin word order allows Ovid to join bovevacca – ‘‘bull cow’’ – side-by-side, just as the two animals themselves would have been yoked for plowing.)
Quod addit asinos, qui stercus vectent, treis, asinum molarium; in vinea iugerum iugum boum, asinorum iugum, asinum molarium;
As to his addition of three donkeys to haul manure and one for the mill; for a vineyard of 100 jugera, a yoke of oxen, a pair of donkeys, and one for the mill;
Ille, Modos, quibus metirentur rura, alius alios constituit. Nam in Hispania ulteriore metiuntur iugis, in Campania versibus, apud nos in agro Romano ac Latino iugeris. Iugum vocant, quod iuncti boves uno die exarare possint.
Each country has its own method of measuring land. Thus in farther Spain the unit of measure is the iugum, in Campania the versus, with us here in the district of Rome and in Latium the iugerum. The iugum is the amount of land which a yoke of oxen can plough in a day.)
L. quidem Tarutius Firmanus, familiaris noster, in primis Chaldaeicis rationibus eruditus, urbis etiam nostrae natalem diem repetebat ab iis Pardibus, quibus eam a Romulo conditam accepimus, Romamque, in iugo cum esset Luna, natam esse dicebat, nec eius fata canere dubitabat.
Eius vero montis iugum se circumagens et media curvatura prope tangens oras maris Hadriani pertingit circumitionibus contra fretum.
The ridge of this mountain range then bends in an arch and almost reaches the middle part of the Adriatic coast, while, completing the arch, it ends up touching the Strait (of Messina).
“iugum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“iugum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
iugum in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
iugum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
to submit to the yoke of slavery: iugum servitutis accipere
to shake off the yoke of slavery: iugum servitutis excutere
to shake off the yoke of slavery: iugum servile a cervicibus deicere (Phil. 1. 2. 6)
to deliver some one from slavery: iugum servile alicui demere
to deliver some one from slavery: ab aliquo servitutem or servitutis iugum depellere
(ambiguous) a perpetual spring: aqua iugis, perennis
“iugum”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
