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Zulu
Verb
-jábha
- (intransitive) to become disappointed
Inflection
Tone H
|
Infinitive
|
ukujabha
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
Infinitive
|
ukujabha
|
ukungajabhi
|
|
Imperative
|
|
Simple
|
+ object concord
|
Singular
|
jabha
|
-jabhe
|
Plural
|
jabhani
|
-jabheni
|
|
Present
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyajabha, ngijabha
|
engijabhayo, engijabha
|
ngijabha
|
angijabhi
|
engingajabhi
|
ngingajabhi
|
2nd singular
|
uyajabha, ujabha
|
ojabhayo, ojabha
|
ujabha
|
awujabhi
|
ongajabhi
|
ungajabhi
|
1st plural
|
siyajabha, sijabha
|
esijabhayo, esijabha
|
sijabha
|
asijabhi
|
esingajabhi
|
singajabhi
|
2nd plural
|
niyajabha, nijabha
|
enijabhayo, enijabha
|
nijabha
|
anijabhi
|
eningajabhi
|
ningajabhi
|
Class 1
|
uyajabha, ujabha
|
ojabhayo, ojabha
|
ejabha
|
akajabhi
|
ongajabhi
|
engajabhi
|
Class 2
|
bayajabha, bajabha
|
abajabhayo, abajabha
|
bejabha
|
abajabhi
|
abangajabhi
|
bengajabhi
|
Class 3
|
uyajabha, ujabha
|
ojabhayo, ojabha
|
ujabha
|
awujabhi
|
ongajabhi
|
ungajabhi
|
Class 4
|
iyajabha, ijabha
|
ejabhayo, ejabha
|
ijabha
|
ayijabhi
|
engajabhi
|
ingajabhi
|
Class 5
|
liyajabha, lijabha
|
elijabhayo, elijabha
|
lijabha
|
alijabhi
|
elingajabhi
|
lingajabhi
|
Class 6
|
ayajabha, ajabha
|
ajabhayo, ajabha
|
ejabha
|
awajabhi
|
angajabhi
|
engajabhi
|
Class 7
|
siyajabha, sijabha
|
esijabhayo, esijabha
|
sijabha
|
asijabhi
|
esingajabhi
|
singajabhi
|
Class 8
|
ziyajabha, zijabha
|
ezijabhayo, ezijabha
|
zijabha
|
azijabhi
|
ezingajabhi
|
zingajabhi
|
Class 9
|
iyajabha, ijabha
|
ejabhayo, ejabha
|
ijabha
|
ayijabhi
|
engajabhi
|
ingajabhi
|
Class 10
|
ziyajabha, zijabha
|
ezijabhayo, ezijabha
|
zijabha
|
azijabhi
|
ezingajabhi
|
zingajabhi
|
Class 11
|
luyajabha, lujabha
|
olujabhayo, olujabha
|
lujabha
|
alujabhi
|
olungajabhi
|
lungajabhi
|
Class 14
|
buyajabha, bujabha
|
obujabhayo, obujabha
|
bujabha
|
abujabhi
|
obungajabhi
|
bungajabhi
|
Class 15
|
kuyajabha, kujabha
|
okujabhayo, okujabha
|
kujabha
|
akujabhi
|
okungajabhi
|
kungajabhi
|
Class 17
|
kuyajabha, kujabha
|
okujabhayo, okujabha
|
kujabha
|
akujabhi
|
okungajabhi
|
kungajabhi
|
|
Recent past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngijabhile, ngijabhē
|
engijabhile, engijabhē
|
ngijabhile, ngijabhē
|
angijabhanga
|
engingajabhanga
|
ngingajabhanga
|
2nd singular
|
ujabhile, ujabhē
|
ojabhile, ojabhē
|
ujabhile, ujabhē
|
awujabhanga
|
ongajabhanga
|
ungajabhanga
|
1st plural
|
sijabhile, sijabhē
|
esijabhile, esijabhē
|
sijabhile, sijabhē
|
asijabhanga
|
esingajabhanga
|
singajabhanga
|
2nd plural
|
nijabhile, nijabhē
|
enijabhile, enijabhē
|
nijabhile, nijabhē
|
anijabhanga
|
eningajabhanga
|
ningajabhanga
|
Class 1
|
ujabhile, ujabhē
|
ojabhile, ojabhē
|
ejabhile, ejabhē
|
akajabhanga
|
ongajabhanga
|
engajabhanga
|
Class 2
|
bajabhile, bajabhē
|
abajabhile, abajabhē
|
bejabhile, bejabhē
|
abajabhanga
|
abangajabhanga
|
bengajabhanga
|
Class 3
|
ujabhile, ujabhē
|
ojabhile, ojabhē
|
ujabhile, ujabhē
|
awujabhanga
|
ongajabhanga
|
ungajabhanga
|
Class 4
|
ijabhile, ijabhē
|
ejabhile, ejabhē
|
ijabhile, ijabhē
|
ayijabhanga
|
engajabhanga
|
ingajabhanga
|
Class 5
|
lijabhile, lijabhē
|
elijabhile, elijabhē
|
lijabhile, lijabhē
|
alijabhanga
|
elingajabhanga
|
lingajabhanga
|
Class 6
|
ajabhile, ajabhē
|
ajabhile, ajabhē
|
ejabhile, ejabhē
|
awajabhanga
|
angajabhanga
|
engajabhanga
|
Class 7
|
sijabhile, sijabhē
|
esijabhile, esijabhē
|
sijabhile, sijabhē
|
asijabhanga
|
esingajabhanga
|
singajabhanga
|
Class 8
|
zijabhile, zijabhē
|
ezijabhile, ezijabhē
|
zijabhile, zijabhē
|
azijabhanga
|
ezingajabhanga
|
zingajabhanga
|
Class 9
|
ijabhile, ijabhē
|
ejabhile, ejabhē
|
ijabhile, ijabhē
|
ayijabhanga
|
engajabhanga
|
ingajabhanga
|
Class 10
|
zijabhile, zijabhē
|
ezijabhile, ezijabhē
|
zijabhile, zijabhē
|
azijabhanga
|
ezingajabhanga
|
zingajabhanga
|
Class 11
|
lujabhile, lujabhē
|
olujabhile, olujabhē
|
lujabhile, lujabhē
|
alujabhanga
|
olungajabhanga
|
lungajabhanga
|
Class 14
|
bujabhile, bujabhē
|
obujabhile, obujabhē
|
bujabhile, bujabhē
|
abujabhanga
|
obungajabhanga
|
bungajabhanga
|
Class 15
|
kujabhile, kujabhē
|
okujabhile, okujabhē
|
kujabhile, kujabhē
|
akujabhanga
|
okungajabhanga
|
kungajabhanga
|
Class 17
|
kujabhile, kujabhē
|
okujabhile, okujabhē
|
kujabhile, kujabhē
|
akujabhanga
|
okungajabhanga
|
kungajabhanga
|
|
Remote past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngājabha
|
engājabha
|
ngājabha
|
angijabhanga
|
engingajabhanga
|
ngingajabhanga
|
2nd singular
|
wājabha
|
owājabha
|
wājabha
|
awujabhanga
|
ongajabhanga
|
ungajabhanga
|
1st plural
|
sājabha
|
esājabha
|
sājabha
|
asijabhanga
|
esingajabhanga
|
singajabhanga
|
2nd plural
|
nājabha
|
enājabha
|
nājabha
|
anijabhanga
|
eningajabhanga
|
ningajabhanga
|
Class 1
|
wājabha
|
owājabha
|
ājabha
|
akajabhanga
|
ongajabhanga
|
engajabhanga
|
Class 2
|
bājabha
|
abājabha
|
bājabha
|
abajabhanga
|
abangajabhanga
|
bengajabhanga
|
Class 3
|
wājabha
|
owājabha
|
wājabha
|
awujabhanga
|
ongajabhanga
|
ungajabhanga
|
Class 4
|
yājabha
|
eyājabha
|
yājabha
|
ayijabhanga
|
engajabhanga
|
ingajabhanga
|
Class 5
|
lājabha
|
elājabha
|
lājabha
|
alijabhanga
|
elingajabhanga
|
lingajabhanga
|
Class 6
|
ājabha
|
ājabha
|
ājabha
|
awajabhanga
|
angajabhanga
|
engajabhanga
|
Class 7
|
sājabha
|
esājabha
|
sājabha
|
asijabhanga
|
esingajabhanga
|
singajabhanga
|
Class 8
|
zājabha
|
ezājabha
|
zājabha
|
azijabhanga
|
ezingajabhanga
|
zingajabhanga
|
Class 9
|
yājabha
|
eyājabha
|
yājabha
|
ayijabhanga
|
engajabhanga
|
ingajabhanga
|
Class 10
|
zājabha
|
ezājabha
|
zājabha
|
azijabhanga
|
ezingajabhanga
|
zingajabhanga
|
Class 11
|
lwājabha
|
olwājabha
|
lwājabha
|
alujabhanga
|
olungajabhanga
|
lungajabhanga
|
Class 14
|
bājabha
|
obājabha
|
bājabha
|
abujabhanga
|
obungajabhanga
|
bungajabhanga
|
Class 15
|
kwājabha
|
okwājabha
|
kwājabha
|
akujabhanga
|
okungajabhanga
|
kungajabhanga
|
Class 17
|
kwājabha
|
okwājabha
|
kwājabha
|
akujabhanga
|
okungajabhanga
|
kungajabhanga
|
|
Potential
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngingajabha
|
—
|
ngingajabha
|
ngingejabhe
|
—
|
ngingejabhe
|
2nd singular
|
ungajabha
|
—
|
ungajabha
|
ungejabhe
|
—
|
ungejabhe
|
1st plural
|
singajabha
|
—
|
singajabha
|
singejabhe
|
—
|
singejabhe
|
2nd plural
|
ningajabha
|
—
|
ningajabha
|
ningejabhe
|
—
|
ningejabhe
|
Class 1
|
angajabha
|
—
|
engajabha
|
angejabhe
|
—
|
engejabhe
|
Class 2
|
bangajabha
|
—
|
bengajabha
|
bangejabhe
|
—
|
bengejabhe
|
Class 3
|
ungajabha
|
—
|
ungajabha
|
ungejabhe
|
—
|
ungejabhe
|
Class 4
|
ingajabha
|
—
|
ingajabha
|
ingejabhe
|
—
|
ingejabhe
|
Class 5
|
lingajabha
|
—
|
lingajabha
|
lingejabhe
|
—
|
lingejabhe
|
Class 6
|
angajabha
|
—
|
engajabha
|
angejabhe
|
—
|
engejabhe
|
Class 7
|
singajabha
|
—
|
singajabha
|
singejabhe
|
—
|
singejabhe
|
Class 8
|
zingajabha
|
—
|
zingajabha
|
zingejabhe
|
—
|
zingejabhe
|
Class 9
|
ingajabha
|
—
|
ingajabha
|
ingejabhe
|
—
|
ingejabhe
|
Class 10
|
zingajabha
|
—
|
zingajabha
|
zingejabhe
|
—
|
zingejabhe
|
Class 11
|
lungajabha
|
—
|
lungajabha
|
lungejabhe
|
—
|
lungejabhe
|
Class 14
|
bungajabha
|
—
|
bungajabha
|
bungejabhe
|
—
|
bungejabhe
|
Class 15
|
kungajabha
|
—
|
kungajabha
|
kungejabhe
|
—
|
kungejabhe
|
Class 17
|
kungajabha
|
—
|
kungajabha
|
kungejabhe
|
—
|
kungejabhe
|
|
Immediate future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngizojabha
|
engizojabha
|
ngizojabha
|
angizujabha
|
engingezujabha
|
ngingezujabha
|
2nd singular
|
uzojabha
|
ozojabha
|
uzojabha
|
awuzujabha
|
ongezujabha
|
ungezujabha
|
1st plural
|
sizojabha
|
esizojabha
|
sizojabha
|
asizujabha
|
esingezujabha
|
singezujabha
|
2nd plural
|
nizojabha
|
enizojabha
|
nizojabha
|
anizujabha
|
eningezujabha
|
ningezujabha
|
Class 1
|
uzojabha
|
ozojabha
|
ezojabha
|
akazujabha
|
ongezujabha
|
engezujabha
|
Class 2
|
bazojabha
|
abazojabha
|
bezojabha
|
abazujabha
|
abangezujabha
|
bengezujabha
|
Class 3
|
uzojabha
|
ozojabha
|
uzojabha
|
awuzujabha
|
ongezujabha
|
ungezujabha
|
Class 4
|
izojabha
|
ezojabha
|
izojabha
|
ayizujabha
|
engezujabha
|
ingezujabha
|
Class 5
|
lizojabha
|
elizojabha
|
lizojabha
|
alizujabha
|
elingezujabha
|
lingezujabha
|
Class 6
|
azojabha
|
azojabha
|
ezojabha
|
awazujabha
|
angezujabha
|
engezujabha
|
Class 7
|
sizojabha
|
esizojabha
|
sizojabha
|
asizujabha
|
esingezujabha
|
singezujabha
|
Class 8
|
zizojabha
|
ezizojabha
|
zizojabha
|
azizujabha
|
ezingezujabha
|
zingezujabha
|
Class 9
|
izojabha
|
ezojabha
|
izojabha
|
ayizujabha
|
engezujabha
|
ingezujabha
|
Class 10
|
zizojabha
|
ezizojabha
|
zizojabha
|
azizujabha
|
ezingezujabha
|
zingezujabha
|
Class 11
|
luzojabha
|
oluzojabha
|
luzojabha
|
aluzujabha
|
olungezujabha
|
lungezujabha
|
Class 14
|
buzojabha
|
obuzojabha
|
buzojabha
|
abuzujabha
|
obungezujabha
|
bungezujabha
|
Class 15
|
kuzojabha
|
okuzojabha
|
kuzojabha
|
akuzujabha
|
okungezujabha
|
kungezujabha
|
Class 17
|
kuzojabha
|
okuzojabha
|
kuzojabha
|
akuzujabha
|
okungezujabha
|
kungezujabha
|
|
Remote future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyojabha
|
engiyojabha
|
ngiyojabha
|
angiyujabha
|
engingeyujabha
|
ngingeyujabha
|
2nd singular
|
uyojabha
|
oyojabha
|
uyojabha
|
awuyujabha
|
ongeyujabha
|
ungeyujabha
|
1st plural
|
siyojabha
|
esiyojabha
|
siyojabha
|
asiyujabha
|
esingeyujabha
|
singeyujabha
|
2nd plural
|
niyojabha
|
eniyojabha
|
niyojabha
|
aniyujabha
|
eningeyujabha
|
ningeyujabha
|
Class 1
|
uyojabha
|
oyojabha
|
eyojabha
|
akayujabha
|
ongeyujabha
|
engeyujabha
|
Class 2
|
bayojabha
|
abayojabha
|
beyojabha
|
abayujabha
|
abangeyujabha
|
bengeyujabha
|
Class 3
|
uyojabha
|
oyojabha
|
uyojabha
|
awuyujabha
|
ongeyujabha
|
ungeyujabha
|
Class 4
|
iyojabha
|
eyojabha
|
iyojabha
|
ayiyujabha
|
engeyujabha
|
ingeyujabha
|
Class 5
|
liyojabha
|
eliyojabha
|
liyojabha
|
aliyujabha
|
elingeyujabha
|
lingeyujabha
|
Class 6
|
ayojabha
|
ayojabha
|
eyojabha
|
awayujabha
|
angeyujabha
|
engeyujabha
|
Class 7
|
siyojabha
|
esiyojabha
|
siyojabha
|
asiyujabha
|
esingeyujabha
|
singeyujabha
|
Class 8
|
ziyojabha
|
eziyojabha
|
ziyojabha
|
aziyujabha
|
ezingeyujabha
|
zingeyujabha
|
Class 9
|
iyojabha
|
eyojabha
|
iyojabha
|
ayiyujabha
|
engeyujabha
|
ingeyujabha
|
Class 10
|
ziyojabha
|
eziyojabha
|
ziyojabha
|
aziyujabha
|
ezingeyujabha
|
zingeyujabha
|
Class 11
|
luyojabha
|
oluyojabha
|
luyojabha
|
aluyujabha
|
olungeyujabha
|
lungeyujabha
|
Class 14
|
buyojabha
|
obuyojabha
|
buyojabha
|
abuyujabha
|
obungeyujabha
|
bungeyujabha
|
Class 15
|
kuyojabha
|
okuyojabha
|
kuyojabha
|
akuyujabha
|
okungeyujabha
|
kungeyujabha
|
Class 17
|
kuyojabha
|
okuyojabha
|
kuyojabha
|
akuyujabha
|
okungeyujabha
|
kungeyujabha
|
|
Present subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngijabhe
|
ngingajabhi
|
2nd singular
|
ujabhe
|
ungajabhi
|
1st plural
|
sijabhe
|
singajabhi
|
2nd plural
|
nijabhe
|
ningajabhi
|
Class 1
|
ajabhe
|
angajabhi
|
Class 2
|
bajabhe
|
bangajabhi
|
Class 3
|
ujabhe
|
ungajabhi
|
Class 4
|
ijabhe
|
ingajabhi
|
Class 5
|
lijabhe
|
lingajabhi
|
Class 6
|
ajabhe
|
angajabhi
|
Class 7
|
sijabhe
|
singajabhi
|
Class 8
|
zijabhe
|
zingajabhi
|
Class 9
|
ijabhe
|
ingajabhi
|
Class 10
|
zijabhe
|
zingajabhi
|
Class 11
|
lujabhe
|
lungajabhi
|
Class 14
|
bujabhe
|
bungajabhi
|
Class 15
|
kujabhe
|
kungajabhi
|
Class 17
|
kujabhe
|
kungajabhi
|
|
Past subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngajabha
|
ngangajabha, angajabha, angangajabha
|
2nd singular
|
wajabha
|
wangajabha, awajabha, awangajabha
|
1st plural
|
sajabha
|
sangajabha, asajabha, asangajabha
|
2nd plural
|
najabha
|
nangajabha, anajabha, anangajabha
|
Class 1
|
wajabha
|
wangajabha, akajabha, akangajabha
|
Class 2
|
bajabha
|
bangajabha, abajabha, abangajabha
|
Class 3
|
wajabha
|
wangajabha, awajabha, awangajabha
|
Class 4
|
yajabha
|
yangajabha, ayajabha, ayangajabha
|
Class 5
|
lajabha
|
langajabha, alajabha, alangajabha
|
Class 6
|
ajabha
|
angajabha, awajabha, awangajabha
|
Class 7
|
sajabha
|
sangajabha, asajabha, asangajabha
|
Class 8
|
zajabha
|
zangajabha, azajabha, azangajabha
|
Class 9
|
yajabha
|
yangajabha, ayajabha, ayangajabha
|
Class 10
|
zajabha
|
zangajabha, azajabha, azangajabha
|
Class 11
|
lwajabha
|
lwangajabha, alwajabha, alwangajabha
|
Class 14
|
bajabha
|
bangajabha, abajabha, abangajabha
|
Class 15
|
kwajabha
|
kwangajabha, akwajabha, akwangajabha
|
Class 17
|
kwajabha
|
kwangajabha, akwajabha, akwangajabha
|
References