jptw
Hello, you have come here looking for the meaning of the word jptw. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word jptw, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say jptw in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word jptw you have here. The definition of the word jptw will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition ofjptw, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
Egyptian
Etymology
Plural form of tw.
Pronunciation
- (modern Egyptological) IPA(key): /iptuː/
- Conventional anglicization: iptu
Determiner
|
f pl proximal, later vocative demonstrative determiner
- (Old Egyptian) these
- (Middle Egyptian, archaizing) O (vocative reference)
Usage notes
This demonstrative was originally a determiner but could later be used alone, like a pronoun. When used as a determiner it follows the noun it describes.
In Old Egyptian it forms a contrastive pair with the demonstrative jptf, in which jptw is proximal.
Its use in Middle Egyptian texts is an archaism.
Inflection
Old Egyptian demonstratives
| determiners | pronouns1 | adverbs | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| number | singular | dual | plural | unmarked | ||||
| gender | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | unmarked | |
| proximal to speaker | pn |
tn, jtn |
*jpnj |
*jptnj |
jpn |
jptn |
nn |
— |
| distal | pf |
tf |
*jpfj |
*jptfj |
jpf |
jptf |
nf |
— |
| proximal to spoken of | pj, pw, py, p |
tj, tw, jtw |
jpwj |
*jptwj |
jpw |
jptw |
nw |
— |
| vocative | pꜣ |
tꜣ |
— |
— |
— |
— |
nꜣ |
ꜥꜣ |
| ||||||||
Middle Egyptian demonstratives
Late Egyptian demonstratives and articles
| masculine | feminine | plural | adverb | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| pronoun | pꜣw |
dj | ||||
| determiners and pronouns | pꜣj |
tꜣj |
nꜣj | |||
| possessive determiners (used with suffix pronouns) | pꜣy |
tꜣy |
nꜣy | |||
| relational pronouns (‘possessive prefixes’) | p-n, pꜣ |
t-nt, tꜣ |
nꜣyw, nꜣ | |||
| definite articles | pꜣ |
tꜣ |
nꜣ1 | |||
| indefinite articles | wꜥ1 |
nhꜣy1 | ||||
| ||||||
References
- James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 55.
- Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN