Inherited from Old French jurer, from Latin jūrāre, iūrāre, present active infinitive of iūrō (“swear or take an oath”), from Proto-Italic *jowezāō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂yew-.
jurer
| infinitive | simple | jurer | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | jurant /ʒy.ʁɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | juré /ʒy.ʁe/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | jure /ʒyʁ/ |
jures /ʒyʁ/ |
jure /ʒyʁ/ |
jurons /ʒy.ʁɔ̃/ |
jurez /ʒy.ʁe/ |
jurent /ʒyʁ/ |
| imperfect | jurais /ʒy.ʁɛ/ |
jurais /ʒy.ʁɛ/ |
jurait /ʒy.ʁɛ/ |
jurions /ʒy.ʁjɔ̃/ |
juriez /ʒy.ʁje/ |
juraient /ʒy.ʁɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | jurai /ʒy.ʁe/ |
juras /ʒy.ʁa/ |
jura /ʒy.ʁa/ |
jurâmes /ʒy.ʁam/ |
jurâtes /ʒy.ʁat/ |
jurèrent /ʒy.ʁɛʁ/ | |
| future | jurerai /ʒy.ʁə.ʁe/ |
jureras /ʒy.ʁə.ʁa/ |
jurera /ʒy.ʁə.ʁa/ |
jurerons /ʒy.ʁə.ʁɔ̃/ |
jurerez /ʒy.ʁə.ʁe/ |
jureront /ʒy.ʁə.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | jurerais /ʒy.ʁə.ʁɛ/ |
jurerais /ʒy.ʁə.ʁɛ/ |
jurerait /ʒy.ʁə.ʁɛ/ |
jurerions /ʒy.ʁə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
jureriez /ʒy.ʁə.ʁje/ |
jureraient /ʒy.ʁə.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | jure /ʒyʁ/ |
jures /ʒyʁ/ |
jure /ʒyʁ/ |
jurions /ʒy.ʁjɔ̃/ |
juriez /ʒy.ʁje/ |
jurent /ʒyʁ/ |
| imperfect2 | jurasse /ʒy.ʁas/ |
jurasses /ʒy.ʁas/ |
jurât /ʒy.ʁa/ |
jurassions /ʒy.ʁa.sjɔ̃/ |
jurassiez /ʒy.ʁa.sje/ |
jurassent /ʒy.ʁas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | jure /ʒyʁ/ |
— | jurons /ʒy.ʁɔ̃/ |
jurez /ʒy.ʁe/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris , Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
jūrer
jurer
First known attestation 842 as jurat in the Oaths of Strasbourg. From Latin jūrāre, iūrāre, present active infinitive of iūrō (“swear or take an oath”).
jurer
This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | jurer | avoir juré | |||||
| gerund | en jurant | gerund of avoir + past participle | |||||
| present participle | jurant | ||||||
| past participle | juré | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
| simple tenses |
present | jur | jures | jure | jurons | jurez | jurent |
| imperfect | juroie, jureie, juroe, jureve | juroies, jureies, juroes, jureves | juroit, jureit, jurot, jureve | juriiens, juriens | juriiez, juriez | juroient, jureient, juroent, jurevent | |
| preterite | jurai | juras | jura | jurames | jurastes | jurerent | |
| future | jurerai | jureras | jurera | jurerons | jureroiz, jurereiz, jurerez | jureront | |
| conditional | jureroie, jurereie | jureroies, jurereies | jureroit, jurereit | jureriiens, jureriens | jureriiez, jureriez | jureroient, jurereient | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | present tense of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | preterite tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
| simple tenses |
present | jur | jurs | jurt | jurons | jurez | jurent |
| imperfect | jurasse | jurasses | jurast | jurissons, jurissiens | jurissoiz, jurissez, jurissiez | jurassent | |
| compound tenses |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
| — | jure | — | jurons | jurez | — | ||