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kün-. In DICTIOUS you will not only get to know all the dictionary meanings for the word
kün-, but we will also tell you about its etymology, its characteristics and you will know how to say
kün- in singular and plural. Everything you need to know about the word
kün- you have here. The definition of the word
kün- will help you to be more precise and correct when speaking or writing your texts. Knowing the definition of
kün-, as well as those of other words, enriches your vocabulary and provides you with more and better linguistic resources.
Ye'kwana
Alternative forms
Pronunciation
Prefix
kün-
- Marks a transitive verb in a distant past tense (perfective -i or imperfective -akö) as having a third-person agent/subject and patient/object.
- Marks an intransitive verb with agent-like or patient-like argument in a distant past tense (perfective -i or imperfective -akö) as having a third-person argument/subject.
Usage notes
The form taken by this prefix depends on the first syllable of the stem it attaches to:
- kün- if the first syllable begins with a vowel or consonant other than j or y and its vowel is anything but u or i.
- kun- if the first syllable begins with a vowel or consonant other than j or y and its vowel is u.
- kin- if the first syllable begins with i or y. If it begins with y, the n and y assimilate together into nñ.
- occasionally ken- if the first syllable begins with a vowel or consonant other than j or y and its vowel is e.
- küm- if the first syllable begins with j and its vowel is anything but u or i.
- kum- if the first syllable begins with j and its vowel is u.
- kim- if the first syllable begins with j and its vowel is i.
- kini- if the first syllable begins with two consonants.
Inflection
Ye'kwana personal markers
|
|
pronoun
|
noun possessor/
series II verb argument
|
postposition object
|
series I verb argument
|
| transitive patient
|
intransitive patient-like
|
intransitive agent-like
|
transitive agent
|
| first person
|
ewü
|
y-, ∅-, ü-, u-1
|
w-, wi-
|
| first person dual inclusive
|
küwü
|
k-, kü-, ku-, ki-
|
k-, kii-, ki-1
|
| second person
|
amödö
|
ö-, öy-/öd-, o-, oy-/od-, a-, ay-/ad-
|
m-, mi-
|
| first person dual exclusive
|
nña
|
y-/d-, ch-, ∅-, i-1
|
chö-
|
∅-
|
n-, ni-
|
| third person
|
tüwü
|
n-, ni-
|
| distant past third person
|
—
|
kün-, kun-, kin-, ken-, küm-, kum-, kim-, kini-
|
| coreferential/reflexive
|
—
|
t-, tü-, tu-, ti-, te-
|
—
|
| reciprocal
|
—
|
—
|
öö-
|
- With following vowel lengthened if in an unreduced open syllable.
|
|
|
series I verb argument:
transitive agent and transitive patient
|
| first person > second person
|
mön-, man-, mon-, möm-, möni-
|
| first person dual exclusive > second person
|
| second person > first person
|
k-, kü-, ku-, ki-
|
| second person > first person dual exclusive
|
| third person > any person X …or… any person X > third person
|
see person X in the chart above
|
References
- Cáceres, Natalia (2011) Grammaire Fonctionnelle-Typologique du Ye’kwana, Lyon, pages 184–185