kacag

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Hungarian

Etymology

From an onomatopoeic (sound-imitative) root + -ag (frequentative verb-forming suffix).[1]

Pronunciation

Verb

kacag (literary)

  1. (intransitive) to laugh (heartily) (followed by -n/-on/-en/-ön)
    Synonyms: nevet, nevetgél, hahotázik, kacarászik
    Jót kacagott a tréfán. ― He laughed heartily at the joke.
  2. (transitive, exaggerated) to laugh a lot (in certain set phrases only, followed by -ra/-re)
    Betegre kacagtuk magunkat. ― We laughed ourselves silly.
  3. (transitive, intransitive) to laugh at someone or something (followed by -n/-on/-en/-ön) (to evince contempt or pity for someone)

Conjugation

conjugation of kacag
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal 		3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal 		1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal 		3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal


Indica­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. kacagok kacagsz kacag kacagunk kacagtok kacagnak
Def. kacagom kacagod kacagja kacagjuk kacagjátok kacagják
2nd-p. o. kacaglak ―
Past Indef. kacagtam kacagtál kacagott kacagtunk kacagtatok kacagtak
Def. kacagtam kacagtad kacagta kacagtuk kacagtátok kacagták
2nd-p. o. kacagtalak ―
Future Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. kacagni fog.
Archaic
Preterit 		Indef. kacagék kacagál kacaga kacagánk kacagátok kacagának
Def. kacagám kacagád kacagá kacagánk kacagátok kacagák
2nd-p. o. kacagálak ―
Archaic Past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. kacag vala, kacagott vala/volt.
Archaic
Future 		Indef. kacagandok kacagandasz kacagand kacagandunk kacagandotok kacagandanak
Def. kacagandom kacagandod kacagandja kacagandjuk kacagandjátok kacagandják
2nd-p. o. kacagandalak ―
Condi­tional
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. kacagnék kacagnál kacagna kacagnánk kacagnátok kacagnának
Def. kacagnám kacagnád kacagná kacagnánk
(or kacagnók) 		kacagnátok kacagnák
2nd-p. o. kacagnálak ―
Past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. kacagott volna
Sub­junc­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. kacagjak kacagj or
kacagjál 		kacagjon kacagjunk kacagjatok kacagjanak
Def. kacagjam kacagd or
kacagjad 		kacagja kacagjuk kacagjátok kacagják
2nd-p. o. kacagjalak ―
(Archaic) Past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. kacagott légyen
Infinitive kacagni kacagnom kacagnod kacagnia kacagnunk kacagnotok kacagniuk
Other
forms 		Verbal noun Present part. Past part. Future part. Adverbial participle Causative
kacagás kacagó kacagott kacagandó kacagva (kacagván) kacagtat
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular
(and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs).
potential conjugation of kacag
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal 		3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal 		1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal 		3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal
Indica­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. kacaghatok kacaghatsz kacaghat kacaghatunk kacaghattok kacaghatnak
Def. kacaghatom kacaghatod kacaghatja kacaghatjuk kacaghatjátok kacaghatják
2nd-p. o. kacaghatlak ―
Past Indef. kacaghattam kacaghattál kacaghatott kacaghattunk kacaghattatok kacaghattak
Def. kacaghattam kacaghattad kacaghatta kacaghattuk kacaghattátok kacaghatták
2nd-p. o. kacaghattalak ―
Archaic
Preterit 		Indef. kacaghaték kacaghatál kacaghata kacaghatánk kacaghatátok kacaghatának
Def. kacaghatám kacaghatád kacaghatá kacaghatánk kacaghatátok kacaghaták
2nd-p. o. kacaghatálak ―
Archaic Past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala, e.g. kacaghat vala, kacaghatott vala/volt.
Archaic
Future 		Indef. kacaghatandok
or kacagandhatok 		kacaghatandasz
or kacagandhatsz 		kacaghatand
or kacagandhat 		kacaghatandunk
or kacagandhatunk 		kacaghatandotok
or kacagandhattok 		kacaghatandanak
or kacagandhatnak
Def. kacaghatandom
or kacagandhatom 		kacaghatandod
or kacagandhatod 		kacaghatandja
or kacagandhatja 		kacaghatandjuk
or kacagandhatjuk 		kacaghatandjátok
or kacagandhatjátok 		kacaghatandják
or kacagandhatják
2nd-p. o. kacaghatandalak
or kacagandhatlak 		―
Condi­tional
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. kacaghatnék kacaghatnál kacaghatna kacaghatnánk kacaghatnátok kacaghatnának
Def. kacaghatnám kacaghatnád kacaghatná kacaghatnánk
(or kacaghatnók) 		kacaghatnátok kacaghatnák
2nd-p. o. kacaghatnálak ―
Past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. kacaghatott volna
Sub­junc­tive
mood 		Pre­sent Indef. kacaghassak kacaghass or
kacaghassál 		kacaghasson kacaghassunk kacaghassatok kacaghassanak
Def. kacaghassam kacaghasd or
kacaghassad 		kacaghassa kacaghassuk kacaghassátok kacaghassák
2nd-p. o. kacaghassalak ―
(Archaic) Past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. kacaghatott légyen
Inf. (kacaghatni) (kacaghatnom) (kacaghatnod) (kacaghatnia) (kacaghatnunk) (kacaghatnotok) (kacaghatniuk)
Positive adjective kacagható Neg. adj. kacaghatatlan Adv. part. (kacaghatva / kacaghatván)

Derived terms

(With verbal prefixes):

References

  1. ^ kacag in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)

Further reading

  • kacag in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
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