From Proto-Finnic *kaiho (“harm, damage, loss”), from Proto-Uralic *kajša-w (“sickness”).[1] Cognate with Estonian kahju, Ingrian kaiho, Karelian kaiho, Livonian ka’i, Võro kaih and Votic kaiho.
kaiho
| Inflection of kaiho (Kotus type 1/valo, no gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | kaiho | kaihot | |
| genitive | kaihon | kaihojen | |
| partitive | kaihoa | kaihoja | |
| illative | kaihoon | kaihoihin | |
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | kaiho | kaihot | |
| accusative | nom. | kaiho | kaihot |
| gen. | kaihon | ||
| genitive | kaihon | kaihojen | |
| partitive | kaihoa | kaihoja | |
| inessive | kaihossa | kaihoissa | |
| elative | kaihosta | kaihoista | |
| illative | kaihoon | kaihoihin | |
| adessive | kaiholla | kaihoilla | |
| ablative | kaiholta | kaihoilta | |
| allative | kaiholle | kaihoille | |
| essive | kaihona | kaihoina | |
| translative | kaihoksi | kaihoiksi | |
| abessive | kaihotta | kaihoitta | |
| instructive | — | kaihoin | |
| comitative | See the possessive forms below. | ||
From Proto-Finnic *kaiho. Cognates include Finnish kaiho and Estonian kahju.
kaiho
| Declension of kaiho (type 4/koivu, no gradation) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | kaiho | kaihot |
| genitive | kaihon | kaihoin, kaiholoin |
| partitive | kaihoa | kaihoja, kaiholoja |
| illative | kaihoo | kaihoi, kaiholoihe |
| inessive | kaihoos | kaihois, kaiholois |
| elative | kaihost | kaihoist, kaiholoist |
| allative | kaiholle | kaihoille, kaiholoille |
| adessive | kaihool | kaihoil, kaiholoil |
| ablative | kaiholt | kaihoilt, kaiholoilt |
| translative | kaihoks | kaihoiks, kaiholoiks |
| essive | kaihonna, kaihoon | kaihoinna, kaiholoinna, kaihoin, kaiholoin |
| exessive1) | kaihont | kaihoint, kaiholoint |
| 1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive. | ||
kaiho
| Declension of kaiho (type II/võrkko, no gradation) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | kaiho | kaihod |
| genitive | kaiho | kaihojõ, kaihoi |
| partitive | kaihoa | kaihoitõ, kaihoi |
| illative | kaihosõ, kaiho | kaihoisõ |
| inessive | kaihoz | kaihoiz |
| elative | kaihossõ | kaihoissõ |
| allative | kaiholõ | kaihoilõ |
| adessive | kaihollõ | kaihoillõ |
| ablative | kaiholtõ | kaihoiltõ |
| translative | kaihossi | kaihoissi |
| *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the terminative is formed by adding the suffix -ssaa to the short illative (sg) or the genitive. ***) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka to the genitive. | ||