kaliwa

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Central Tarahumara

Alternative forms

Etymology

From kalí (“house”).

Verb

kaliwa (future kaliima, past participle kalíwami, preterite kaliili)

  1. (intransitive) have a house

References

  • Hilton, K. Simón (1993) Diccionario tarahumara de Samachique, Chihuahua, México (Serie de vocabularios y diccionarios indígenas “Mariano Silva y Aceves”; 101)‎ (in Spanish), special corrected and updated edition, Tucson: Instituto Lingüístico de Verano, page 3
  • Hilton, K. Simón with Shoemaker, Wes (2016) Diccionario tarahumara actualizado‎ (in Spanish), draft edition, SIL International, page 21

Swahili

Pronunciation

  • Audio (Kenya):(file)

Verb

-kaliwa (infinitive kukaliwa)

  1. Passive form of -kaa: to be sat on

Conjugation

Conjugation of -kaliwa
Positive present -nakaliwa
Subjunctive -kaliwe
Negative -kaliwi
Imperative singular kaliwa
Infinitives
Positive kukaliwa
Negative kutokaliwa
Imperatives
Singular kaliwa
Plural kaliweni
Tensed forms
Habitual hukaliwa
Positive past positive subject concord + -likaliwa
Negative past negative subject concord + -kukaliwa
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nakaliwa)
Singular Plural
1st person ninakaliwa/nakaliwa tunakaliwa
2nd person unakaliwa mnakaliwa
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anakaliwa wanakaliwa
other classes positive subject concord + -nakaliwa
Negative present (negative subject concord + -kaliwi)
Singular Plural
1st person sikaliwi hatukaliwi
2nd person hukaliwi hamkaliwi
3rd person m-wa(I/II) hakaliwi hawakaliwi
other classes negative subject concord + -kaliwi
Positive future positive subject concord + -takaliwa
Negative future negative subject concord + -takaliwa
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -kaliwe)
Singular Plural
1st person nikaliwe tukaliwe
2nd person ukaliwe mkaliwe
3rd person m-wa(I/II) akaliwe wakaliwe
other classes positive subject concord + -kaliwe
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sikaliwe
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngekaliwa
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singekaliwa
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalikaliwa
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalikaliwa
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -akaliwa)
Singular Plural
1st person nakaliwa twakaliwa
2nd person wakaliwa mwakaliwa
3rd person m-wa(I/II) akaliwa wakaliwa
m-mi(III/IV) wakaliwa yakaliwa
ji-ma(V/VI) lakaliwa yakaliwa
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chakaliwa vyakaliwa
n(IX/X) yakaliwa zakaliwa
u(XI) wakaliwa see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwakaliwa
pa(XVI) pakaliwa
mu(XVIII) mwakaliwa
Perfect positive subject concord + -mekaliwa
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshakaliwa
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -jakaliwa
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kikaliwa
"If not" positive subject concord + -sipokaliwa
Consecutive kakaliwa / positive subject concord + -kakaliwa
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kakaliwe
Object concord (indicative positive)
Singular Plural
1st person -nikaliwa -tukaliwa
2nd person -kukaliwa -wakaliwa/-kukaliweni/-wakaliweni
3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mkaliwa -wakaliwa
m-mi(III/IV) -ukaliwa -ikaliwa
ji-ma(V/VI) -likaliwa -yakaliwa
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kikaliwa -vikaliwa
n(IX/X) -ikaliwa -zikaliwa
u(XI) -ukaliwa see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kukaliwa
pa(XVI) -pakaliwa
mu(XVIII) -mukaliwa
Reflexive -jikaliwa
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -kaliwa- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -kaliwaye -kaliwao
m-mi(III/IV) -kaliwao -kaliwayo
ji-ma(V/VI) -kaliwalo -kaliwayo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kaliwacho -kaliwavyo
n(IX/X) -kaliwayo -kaliwazo
u(XI) -kaliwao see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kaliwako
pa(XVI) -kaliwapo
mu(XVIII) -kaliwamo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -kaliwa)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yekaliwa -okaliwa
m-mi(III/IV) -okaliwa -yokaliwa
ji-ma(V/VI) -lokaliwa -yokaliwa
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chokaliwa -vyokaliwa
n(IX/X) -yokaliwa -zokaliwa
u(XI) -okaliwa see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kokaliwa
pa(XVI) -pokaliwa
mu(XVIII) -mokaliwa
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Tagalog

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-Philippine *kali(n)wala with elision of the second /l/, from Southern Proto-Philippine *walah. Compare Bikol Central wala, Asi wala, Aklanon waea, Cebuano wala, Butuanon kawa, Surigaonon waya, and Tausug lawa.

Pronunciation

Adjective

kaliwâ (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜎᜒᜏ)

  1. left (of direction)
    Antonym: kanan
  2. (politics) left; left-wing
    Synonym: makakaliwa

Noun

kaliwâ (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜎᜒᜏ)

  1. left (direction)
    Antonym: kanan
  2. left hand (specifically)

Derived terms

See also

Further reading

  • “kaliwa”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

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