kami

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See also: Appendix:Variations of "kami"
Languages (27)
English
Aklanon • Alangan • Amis • Bikol Central • Cebuano • French • Hanunoo • Hiligaynon • Iban • Indonesian • Inonhan • Japanese • Javanese • Malay • Mansaka • Maranao • Musi • Old Sundanese • Ratagnon • Sakizaya • Serbo-Croatian • Sundanese • Tagalog • Tausug • West Albay Bikol • Yogad
Page categories

English

English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
A painting depicting Amaterasu, an important female kami in the Shinto religion.

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Japanese 神 (kami, “god, spirit, deity”).

Noun

kami (plural kamis or kami)

  1. (religion, Shinto) An animistic God or spirit in the Shinto religion of Japan.
  2. (philosophy) The metaphysical causal generator of motion, life, or divinish aura.
Translations

Etymology 2

English Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia
Two sheets of kami for origami, and a traditional origami crane.

Borrowed from Japanese 紙 (kami, “paper”).

Noun

kami (plural kami)

  1. (papercraft) A basic origami paper, usually printed with a colour or pattern on one side.
Translations

Anagrams

Aklanon

Etymology

From Proto-Austronesian *kami.

Pronoun

kami

  1. we (exclusive)

Alangan

Pronoun

kamí

  1. we (exclusive of the person spoken to)

Amis

Etymology

From Proto-Austronesian *kami. Compare Malay kami (“we”).

Pronoun

kami

  1. we (exclusive of the person spoken to)

See also

Amis personal pronouns
Person Singular Plural
1st exclusive kako kami
inclusive – kita
2nd kiso kamo
3rd ciira caira


Bikol Central

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kami, from Proto-Austronesian *kami.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /kaˈmi/
  • Hyphenation: ka‧mi

Pronoun

kamí (Basahan spelling ᜃᜋᜒ)

  1. we (exclusive of the person spoken to)
    Nagtatrabaho kami sa sarong kompanya. Ika?
    We work at a company. You?

See also

Bikol Central personal pronouns
Person Number Absolute (ang) Ergative (sa) Oblique (sa)
Length Full Short Full Short
First singular ako ko sakuya, sako, saako
plural inclusive kita nyato ta satuya, sato, saato
plural exclusive kami nyamo mi samuya, samo, kanamo, saamo
Second singular ika ka mo saimo, simo,kanimo
plural kamo nindo saindo, kaninyo, sainyo
Third singular siya, iya niya saiya, kaniya
plural sinda ninda sainda, kanila


Cebuano

Pronunciation

  • Hyphenation: ka‧mi
  • IPA(key): /kaˈmi/

Etymology 1

Inherited from Proto-Austronesian *kami.

Pronoun

kamí (Badlit spelling ᜃᜋᜒ)

  1. we; us (1st person plural exclusive absolutive form)
See also
Cebuano personal pronouns
Person Number Direct Indirect (postposed) Indirect (preposed) Oblique
Length Full Short* Full Short** Base Suffixed -a Full Short
First singular akó ko nakò*** ko*** akò akoa kanakò nakò
plural inclusive kitá ta natò ta atò atoa kanatò natò
plural exclusive kamí mi namò amò amoa kanamò namò
Second singular ikáw ka nimo mo imo imoha kanimo nimo
plural kamó mo ninyo inyo inyoha kaninyo ninyo
Third singular siyá niya iya iyaha kaniya niya
plural silá nila ila ilaha kanila nila
*Forms under this column are placed after the verb or predicate they modify, and never used at the start of sentences
**Forms under this column are literary and rarely used colloquially.
***Ta is used over nako or ko where the object is a second-person singular pronoun.


Etymology 2

Borrowed from Giangan kami.

Noun

kamí (Badlit spelling ᜃᜋᜒ)

  1. (Davao) Indonesian cinnamon (Cinnamomum burmanni)

French

Pronunciation

  • Audio:(file)

Noun

kami m (plural kami)

  1. kami (spirit)

Further reading

Hanunoo

Etymology

From Proto-Austronesian *k-ami (“we (exclusive)”, 1pl. excl. nominative pronoun).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /kaˈmi/
  • Rhymes: -i
  • Syllabification: ka‧mi

Pronoun

kamí (Hanunoo spelling ᜣᜫᜲ)

  1. we; us (exclusive)

See also

Hanunoo personal pronouns
Person Number Direct Indirect Oblique
First singular ako niko kangko, kang
plural inclusive kita nita kanta
plural exclusive kami nimi kanmi
Second singular kawo, ka nimo kanmo
plural kamo niyo kanyo
Third singular siya niya kanya
plural sida nida kanda

Further reading

  • Conklin, Harold C. (1953) Hanunóo-English Vocabulary (University of California Publications in Linguistics), volume 9, London, England: University of California Press, →OCLC, page 138
  • Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*ami”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI

Hiligaynon

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kami, from Proto-Austronesian *kami.

Pronunciation

  • Hyphenation: ka‧mi
  • IPA(key): /kaˈmi/

Pronoun

kamí

  1. we (exclusive)

Iban

Etymology

From Proto-Malayic *kami, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kami, from Proto-Austronesian *kami.

Pronunciation

Pronoun

kami

  1. we (exclusive)

Indonesian

Etymology

Inherited from Malay kami, from Proto-Malayic *kami, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kami, from Proto-Austronesian *kami.

Pronunciation

Pronoun

kami

  1. First person plural exclusive (not including you) pronoun: we, us, our
    Kami akan mengajarkan adik-adik tentang kebersihan.
    We will teach you about hygiene.
    Terima kasih telah membantu kami!
    Thank you for helping us!
    Ini tugas kami, bu.
    This is our assignment, miss.
  2. editorial we; first person plural pronoun, which refers to institution the speaker/writer is acting for: we, us, our

Derived terms

See also

  • kita (“we, us, our (inclusive)”)
Indonesian personal pronouns
singular plural
1st person exclusive aku,
saya1 		kami
inclusive - kita
2nd person kamu,
Anda2
kau3 kalian,
Anda sekalian2,
kamu sekalian5
3rd person dia,
ia3,
beliau4 		mereka
Reflexive diri
Emphatic sendiri
1Polite.
2Formal.
3Now mostly dialectal or literary.
4Honorific.

5Literary or poetic.
Notes:
This table only shows some personal pronouns that are commonly used in the standard language.
The second person pronouns is avoided when speaking politely in casual contexts, especially to someone of higher status or older.
Not including the clitic pronouns.
See Appendix:Indonesian personal pronouns for more information.

Further reading

Inonhan

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kami, from Proto-Austronesian *kami.

Pronoun

kami

  1. we; us (exclusive of the person spoken to)

Japanese

Romanization

kami

  1. Rōmaji transcription of かみ

Javanese

Romanization

kami

  1. Romanization of ꦏꦩꦶ.

Malay

Etymology

From Proto-Malayic *kami, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kami, from Proto-Austronesian *kami, from Proto-Austronesian *kami.

Pronunciation

Pronoun

kami (Jawi spelling کامي)

  1. we, us, our (exclusive of the person spoken to)
  2. I, me, my

Synonyms

Descendants

  • Indonesian: kami

See also

  • kita (inclusive of the person spoken to)
Malay personal pronouns
singular plural
1st person standard saya / ساي
aku / اکو, ku- / كو- (informal/towards God)
-ku / -كو (informal possessive)
hamba / همبا (dated) 		kami / کامي (exclusive)
kita orang / كيت اورڠ (informal exclusive)
kita / کيت (inclusive)
royal beta / بيتا
2nd person standard kamu / کامو
anda / اندا (formal)
engkau / اڠکاو, kau- / كاو- (informal/towards God)
awak / اوق (friendly/older towards younger)
-mu / -مو (possessive) 		awak semua / اوق سموا
kamu semua / كامو سموا
kalian / کالين (informal)
kau orang / كاو اورڠ (informal)
royal tuanku / توانكو
3rd person standard dia / دي
ia / اي
beliau / بلياو (honorific)
-nya / -ڽ (possessive) 		mereka / مريک
dia orang / دي اورڠ (informal)
royal baginda / بݢيندا

Further reading

Mansaka

Pronoun

kami

  1. we (exclusive)

Maranao

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kami, from Proto-Austronesian *kami.

Pronoun

kami

  1. we (exclusive)

Musi

Pronunciation

Pronoun

kami

  1. we (exclusive); I and other(s) but not those I am addressing
  2. we: the speaker/writer alone. (This use of we is the editorial we, used by writers and others, including royalty—the royal we—as a less personal substitute for I. The reflexive case of this sense of we is ourself.)
  3. us (exclusive); me and other(s) but not those I am addressing
  4. our (exclusive); my and of other(s) but not of those I am addressing
  5. ours

Old Sundanese

Etymology

From Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kami, from Proto-Austronesian *kami.

Pronoun

kami

  1. I, me (1st person singular pronoun)
    • c. 16th century, Carita Parahiyangan:
      Ujar sang apatih, "Kami pun dititahan Rahiyangtang Sanjaya. Disuruh ngadugaan ka dinih. Saha nu diwastu dijieun ratu?"
      The patih replied: "I was ordered by Rahiang Sanjaya to investigate here. Who is the person who was appointed and declared as the king?"
  2. we (1st person plural exclusive pronoun)

Descendants

  • > Sundanese: kami (inherited)

Ratagnon

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kami, from Proto-Austronesian *kami.

Pronoun

kamí

  1. we (exclusive of the person spoken to)

Sakizaya

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Austronesian *kami.

Pronunciation

Pronoun

kami

  1. we (exclusive)

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kamy, preserving the reflex of word-final */y/, which was lost in standard words kȃm and kȁmēn.

Noun

kami m (Cyrillic spelling ками)

  1. (regional, obsolete) stone

References

  • Skok, Petar (1972) “kami”, in Etimologijski rječnik hrvatskoga ili srpskoga jezika [Etymological Dictionary of the Croatian or Serbian Language] (in Serbo-Croatian), volumes 2 (K – poni¹), Zagreb: JAZU, page 26

Sundanese

Etymology

Inherited from Old Sundanese kami, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kami, from Proto-Austronesian *kami.

Pronoun

kami (Sundanese script ᮊᮙᮤ)

  1. (dialectal, Banten, Brebes) I; me
    Synonym: aing
    Coordinate terms: abdi, kuring, urang, aing, kami, kula, kaula, sim kuring

Further reading

Tagalog

Alternative forms

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kami, from Proto-Austronesian *kami.

Pronunciation

Pronoun

kamí (Baybayin spelling ᜃᜋᜒ)

  1. we; us (exclusive of the person spoken to)
    Nagtatrabaho kami sa isang kumpanya. Ikaw?
    We work at a company. You?

Derived terms

See also

Tagalog personal pronouns
Person Number Direct (ang) Indirect (ng) Oblique (sa)
First singular ako ko akin
dual1 kita, kata nita, nata, ta kanita, kanata, ata
plural inclusive tayo natin atin
plural exclusive kami namin amin
First & Second singular kita2
Second singular ikaw, ka mo iyo
plural kayo, kamo ninyo, niyo inyo
Third singular siya niya kaniya
plural sila nila kanila
1 First person dual pronouns are not commonly used in Standard Tagalog.
2 Replaces ko ikaw.

Further reading

  • “kami”, in Pambansang Diksiyonaryo | Diksiyonaryo.ph, Manila, 2018

Anagrams

Tausug

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kami, from Proto-Austronesian *kami.

Pronunciation

  • (Sinūgan Parianun) IPA(key): /kami/
  • Rhymes: -i
  • Syllabification: ka‧mi

Pronoun

kami (Sulat Sūg spelling كَمِ)

  1. we (exclusive)

West Albay Bikol

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kami, from Proto-Austronesian *kami.

Pronoun

kamí

  1. we (exclusive of the person spoken to)

Yogad

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kami, from Proto-Austronesian *kami.

Pronoun

kami

  1. we (exclusive of the person spoken to)
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