kangistaa

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Finnish

Etymology

kankea (“stiff, stale”) +‎ -istaa (factitive aspect)

Pronunciation

Verb

kangistaa

  1. (transitive) to stiffen (to make stiff)

Conjugation

Inflection of kangistaa (Kotus type 53/muistaa, no gradation)
indicative mood
present tense perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. kangistan en kangista 1st sing. olen kangistanut en ole kangistanut
2nd sing. kangistat et kangista 2nd sing. olet kangistanut et ole kangistanut
3rd sing. kangistaa ei kangista 3rd sing. on kangistanut ei ole kangistanut
1st plur. kangistamme emme kangista 1st plur. olemme kangistaneet emme ole kangistaneet
2nd plur. kangistatte ette kangista 2nd plur. olette kangistaneet ette ole kangistaneet
3rd plur. kangistavat eivät kangista 3rd plur. ovat kangistaneet eivät ole kangistaneet
passive kangistetaan ei kangisteta passive on kangistettu ei ole kangistettu
past tense pluperfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. kangistin en kangistanut 1st sing. olin kangistanut en ollut kangistanut
2nd sing. kangistit et kangistanut 2nd sing. olit kangistanut et ollut kangistanut
3rd sing. kangisti ei kangistanut 3rd sing. oli kangistanut ei ollut kangistanut
1st plur. kangistimme emme kangistaneet 1st plur. olimme kangistaneet emme olleet kangistaneet
2nd plur. kangistitte ette kangistaneet 2nd plur. olitte kangistaneet ette olleet kangistaneet
3rd plur. kangistivat eivät kangistaneet 3rd plur. olivat kangistaneet eivät olleet kangistaneet
passive kangistettiin ei kangistettu passive oli kangistettu ei ollut kangistettu
conditional mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. kangistaisin en kangistaisi 1st sing. olisin kangistanut en olisi kangistanut
2nd sing. kangistaisit et kangistaisi 2nd sing. olisit kangistanut et olisi kangistanut
3rd sing. kangistaisi ei kangistaisi 3rd sing. olisi kangistanut ei olisi kangistanut
1st plur. kangistaisimme emme kangistaisi 1st plur. olisimme kangistaneet emme olisi kangistaneet
2nd plur. kangistaisitte ette kangistaisi 2nd plur. olisitte kangistaneet ette olisi kangistaneet
3rd plur. kangistaisivat eivät kangistaisi 3rd plur. olisivat kangistaneet eivät olisi kangistaneet
passive kangistettaisiin ei kangistettaisi passive olisi kangistettu ei olisi kangistettu
imperative mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. — — 1st sing. — —
2nd sing. kangista älä kangista 2nd sing. — —
3rd sing. kangistakoon älköön kangistako 3rd sing. olkoon kangistanut älköön olko kangistanut
1st plur. kangistakaamme älkäämme kangistako 1st plur. — —
2nd plur. kangistakaa älkää kangistako 2nd plur. — —
3rd plur. kangistakoot älkööt kangistako 3rd plur. olkoot kangistaneet älkööt olko kangistaneet
passive kangistettakoon älköön kangistettako passive olkoon kangistettu älköön olko kangistettu
potential mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. kangistanen en kangistane 1st sing. lienen kangistanut en liene kangistanut
2nd sing. kangistanet et kangistane 2nd sing. lienet kangistanut et liene kangistanut
3rd sing. kangistanee ei kangistane 3rd sing. lienee kangistanut ei liene kangistanut
1st plur. kangistanemme emme kangistane 1st plur. lienemme kangistaneet emme liene kangistaneet
2nd plur. kangistanette ette kangistane 2nd plur. lienette kangistaneet ette liene kangistaneet
3rd plur. kangistanevat eivät kangistane 3rd plur. lienevät kangistaneet eivät liene kangistaneet
passive kangistettaneen ei kangistettane passive lienee kangistettu ei liene kangistettu
Nominal forms
infinitives participles
active passive active passive
1st kangistaa present kangistava kangistettava
long 1st1
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st kangistaakseni kangistaaksemme
2nd kangistaaksesi kangistaaksenne
3rd kangistaakseen
kangistaaksensa
past kangistanut kangistettu
2nd inessive2 kangistaessa kangistettaessa agent4 kangistama
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st kangistaessani kangistaessamme
2nd kangistaessasi kangistaessanne
3rd kangistaessaan
kangistaessansa
negative kangistamaton
instructive kangistaen —
1) Used only with a possessive suffix.

2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only).
3) Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details).
4) Usually with a possessive suffix. May not be used with all verbs, especially intransitive ones (more details). Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms.

* The third-person singular indicative form kangistaa does not exhibit final gemination,
unlike the first infinitive (the lemma form), even though they are spelled identically.
3rd inessive kangistamassa —
elative kangistamasta —
illative kangistamaan —
adessive kangistamalla —
abessive kangistamatta —
instructive kangistaman kangistettaman
4th3 verbal noun kangistaminen
5th1
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st kangistamaisillani kangistamaisillamme
2nd kangistamaisillasi kangistamaisillanne
3rd kangistamaisillaan
kangistamaisillansa

Derived terms

Further reading

Wikious
Boobota
Sagapedia