Contraction of kuani.
kani (Kana spelling カニ)
| person | isolated form | affix form | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | objective | |||
| first | singular | kuani, kani1 | ku=, k=1 (before vowels) | en= |
| exclusive plural | ciokay, coka1, ciutari | ci=, c=1 =as | un= | |
| inclusive plural | anokay, aoka1, anutari | a=, =an | i= | |
| second | singular | eani | e= | |
| plural | eciokay, ecioka1, eciutari | eci= | ||
| singular (polite) | anokay, aoka1 | a=, =an | i= | |
| plural (polite) | anokay, aoka1, anutari | |||
| third | singular | sinuma, anihi | ∅= | |
| plural | okay, oka1 | |||
| indefinite | singular | asinuma | a=, =an | i= |
| plural | anokay, aoka1, anutari | |||
| 1. Saru dialect | ||||
kani
kaní
| Direct* | Indirect* | Oblique | Locative | Allative | Existential** | Interjection** | Manner** | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Full | Short | Full | Short | Full | Short | Full | Short | Full | Short | ||||
| Near speaker*** | karí kirí |
ri | niari niiri |
ari iri |
kan-ari† kan-iri† |
dirí | ngarí | adia | dia | diará | dará | ingon ari | Ø |
| Near speaker and listener*** | kaní kiní |
ni | niani niini |
ani ini |
kan-ani† kan-ini† |
dinhi | nganhi | ania | nia | niará | Ø | ingon ani | ing-ani in-ani |
| Near listener | kanâ | nà | nianà | anà | kan-anà† | dinhà dirâ |
nganhà ngarâ |
anaa | naa | naará | nará | ingon anà | ing-anà in-anà |
| Remote | kadto kató |
to | niadto niato |
adto ato |
kan-adto† | didto | ngadto | atua | tua | tuará | turá | ingon adto ingon ato |
ing-ato in-ato |
| †Archaic *When the demonstrative is used as a predicate, the full form must be used. Short forms never start sentences. **Full and short forms used interchangeably. Full forms may be more formal, while short forms may be more colloquial. ***These two series may be conflated in colloquial Cebuano. | |||||||||||||
kani
From Proto-Central-Pacific *kani, from Proto-Oceanic *kani, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *kaən, from Proto-Austronesian *kaən.
kani
kani
Used in common language, not as a zoological term.
| Inflection of kani (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | kani | kanit | |
| genitive | kanin | kanien | |
| partitive | kania | kaneja | |
| illative | kaniin | kaneihin | |
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | kani | kanit | |
| accusative | nom. | kani | kanit |
| gen. | kanin | ||
| genitive | kanin | kanien | |
| partitive | kania | kaneja | |
| inessive | kanissa | kaneissa | |
| elative | kanista | kaneista | |
| illative | kaniin | kaneihin | |
| adessive | kanilla | kaneilla | |
| ablative | kanilta | kaneilta | |
| allative | kanille | kaneille | |
| essive | kanina | kaneina | |
| translative | kaniksi | kaneiksi | |
| abessive | kanitta | kaneitta | |
| instructive | — | kanein | |
| comitative | See the possessive forms below. | ||
Probably borrowed from Russian кон (kon). Influenced by kani (etymology 1).
kani (colloquial)
| Inflection of kani (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | kani | kanit | |
| genitive | kanin | kanien | |
| partitive | kania | kaneja | |
| illative | kaniin | kaneihin | |
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | kani | kanit | |
| accusative | nom. | kani | kanit |
| gen. | kanin | ||
| genitive | kanin | kanien | |
| partitive | kania | kaneja | |
| inessive | kanissa | kaneissa | |
| elative | kanista | kaneista | |
| illative | kaniin | kaneihin | |
| adessive | kanilla | kaneilla | |
| ablative | kanilta | kaneilta | |
| allative | kanille | kaneille | |
| essive | kanina | kaneina | |
| translative | kaniksi | kaneiksi | |
| abessive | kanitta | kaneitta | |
| instructive | — | kanein | |
| comitative | See the possessive forms below. | ||
| Possessive forms of kani (Kotus type 5/risti, no gradation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Inherited from Proto-Polynesian *taŋi (compare with Kapingamarangi, Maori and Rarotongan tangi; Tahitian taʻi),[1] from Proto-Oceanic *taŋis (compare with Fijian tagi), from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *taŋis (compare with Chamorro tanges, Malay tangis, Tagalog tangis), from Proto-Austronesian *Caŋis.[2][3]
kani
kani
kani
| North Karelian (Viena) |
kani |
|---|---|
| South Karelian (Tver) |
— |
kani (genitive kanin, partitive kanie)
| Viena Karelian declension of kani (type 2/risti, no gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | kan??? | kan??? | |
| genitive | kan??? | kan??? | |
| partitive | kan??? | kan??? | |
| illative | kan??? | kan??? | |
| inessive | kan??? | kan??? | |
| elative | kan??? | kan??? | |
| adessive | kan??? | kan??? | |
| ablative | kan??? | kan??? | |
| translative | kan??? | kan??? | |
| essive | kan??? | kan??? | |
| comitative | — | kan??? | |
| abessive | kan??? | kan??? | |
| Possessive forms of kani | ||
|---|---|---|
| 1st person | kanini | |
| 2nd person | kanis | |
| 3rd person | kanih | |
| *) Possessive forms are very rare for adjectives and only used in substantivised clauses. | ||
kani
kani
kani
kani (not comparable, no derived adverb)
| singular | plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| masculine animate | masculine inanimate | feminine | neuter | virile (= masculine personal) | non-virile | |
| nominative | kani | kania | kanie | kani | kanie | |
| genitive | kaniego | kaniej | kaniego | kanich | ||
| dative | kaniemu | kaniej | kaniemu | kanim | ||
| accusative | kaniego | kani | kanią | kanie | kanich | kanie |
| instrumental | kanim | kanią | kanim | kanimi | ||
| locative | kanim | kaniej | kanim | kanich | ||
kani f
kani (Cyrillic spelling кани)
kani class IX (plural kani class X)
From Ottoman Turkish قانع (kani), from Arabic قَانِع (qāniʕ).
kani (archaic)
kani