karmol

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Hungarian

Etymology

From an otherwise unattested stem + -ol (frequentative verb-forming suffix).

Pronunciation

Verb

karmol

  1. (transitive) to scratch, claw (to make a mark on a surface with a sharp object, especially by a living creature, with nails, claws)

Conjugation

Conjugation of karmol
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal 		3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal 		1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal 		3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal
indica­tive indica­tive pre­sent indef. karmolok karmolsz karmol karmolunk karmoltok karmolnak
def. karmolom karmolod karmolja karmoljuk karmoljátok karmolják
2nd obj karmollak
past indef. karmoltam karmoltál karmolt karmoltunk karmoltatok karmoltak
def. karmoltam karmoltad karmolta karmoltuk karmoltátok karmolták
2nd obj karmoltalak
future
Future is expressed with a present-tense verb with a completion-marking prefix and/or a time adverb, or—more explicitly—with the infinitive plus the conjugated auxiliary verb fog, e.g. karmolni fog.
archaic
preterite 		indef. karmolék karmolál karmola karmolánk karmolátok karmolának
def. karmolám karmolád karmolá karmolánk karmolátok karmolák
2nd obj karmolálak
archaic past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. karmol vala, karmolt vala/volt.
archaic future indef. karmolandok karmolandasz karmoland karmolandunk karmolandotok karmolandanak
def. karmolandom karmolandod karmolandja karmolandjuk karmolandjátok karmolandják
2nd obj karmolandalak
condi­tional pre­sent indef. karmolnék karmolnál karmolna karmolnánk karmolnátok karmolnának
def. karmolnám karmolnád karmolná karmolnánk
(or karmolnók) 		karmolnátok karmolnák
2nd obj karmolnálak
past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. karmolt volna
sub­junc­tive sub­junc­tive pre­sent indef. karmoljak karmolj or
karmoljál 		karmoljon karmoljunk karmoljatok karmoljanak
def. karmoljam karmold or
karmoljad 		karmolja karmoljuk karmoljátok karmolják
2nd obj karmoljalak
(archaic) past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. karmolt légyen
infinitive karmolni karmolnom karmolnod karmolnia karmolnunk karmolnotok karmolniuk
other
forms 		verbal noun present part. past part. future part. adverbial participle causative
karmolás karmoló karmolt karmolandó karmolva (karmolván) karmoltat
The archaic passive conjugation had the same -(t)at/-(t)et suffix as the causative, followed by -ik in the 3rd-person singular
(and the concomitant changes in conditional and subjunctive mostly in the 1st- and 3rd-person singular like with other traditional -ik verbs).
Potential conjugation of karmol
Click for archaic forms 1st person sg 2nd person sg
informal 		3rd person sg,
2nd p. sg formal 		1st person pl 2nd person pl
informal 		3rd person pl,
2nd p. pl formal
indica­tive indica­tive pre­sent indef. karmolhatok karmolhatsz karmolhat karmolhatunk karmolhattok karmolhatnak
def. karmolhatom karmolhatod karmolhatja karmolhatjuk karmolhatjátok karmolhatják
2nd obj karmolhatlak
past indef. karmolhattam karmolhattál karmolhatott karmolhattunk karmolhattatok karmolhattak
def. karmolhattam karmolhattad karmolhatta karmolhattuk karmolhattátok karmolhatták
2nd obj karmolhattalak
archaic
preterite 		indef. karmolhaték karmolhatál karmolhata karmolhatánk karmolhatátok karmolhatának
def. karmolhatám karmolhatád karmolhatá karmolhatánk karmolhatátok karmolhaták
2nd obj karmolhatálak
archaic past Two additional past tenses: the present and the (current) past forms followed by vala (volt), e.g. karmolhat vala, karmolhatott vala/volt.
archaic future indef. karmolhatandok
or karmolandhatok 		karmolhatandasz
or karmolandhatsz 		karmolhatand
or karmolandhat 		karmolhatandunk
or karmolandhatunk 		karmolhatandotok
or karmolandhattok 		karmolhatandanak
or karmolandhatnak
def. karmolhatandom
or karmolandhatom 		karmolhatandod
or karmolandhatod 		karmolhatandja
or karmolandhatja 		karmolhatandjuk
or karmolandhatjuk 		karmolhatandjátok
or karmolandhatjátok 		karmolhatandják
or karmolandhatják
2nd obj karmolhatandalak
or karmolandhatlak
condi­tional pre­sent indef. karmolhatnék karmolhatnál karmolhatna karmolhatnánk karmolhatnátok karmolhatnának
def. karmolhatnám karmolhatnád karmolhatná karmolhatnánk
(or karmolhatnók) 		karmolhatnátok karmolhatnák
2nd obj karmolhatnálak
past Indicative past forms followed by volna, e.g. karmolhatott volna
sub­junc­tive sub­junc­tive pre­sent indef. karmolhassak karmolhass or
karmolhassál 		karmolhasson karmolhassunk karmolhassatok karmolhassanak
def. karmolhassam karmolhasd or
karmolhassad 		karmolhassa karmolhassuk karmolhassátok karmolhassák
2nd obj karmolhassalak
(archaic) past Indicative past forms followed by légyen, e.g. karmolhatott légyen
infinitive (karmolhatni) (karmolhatnom) (karmolhatnod) (karmolhatnia) (karmolhatnunk) (karmolhatnotok) (karmolhatniuk)
other
forms 		positive adjective negative adjective adverbial participle
karmolható karmolhatatlan (karmolhatva / karmolhatván)

Derived terms

(With verbal prefixes):

References

  1. ^ karmol in Károly Gerstner, editor, Új magyar etimológiai szótár (ÚESz.), Online edition (beta version), Budapest: MTA Research Institute for Linguistics / Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics, 2011–2024.
  2. ^ karmol in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)

Further reading

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