From Proto-Finnic *kaccodak, possibly from Proto-Germanic *gātijaną. Cf. Icelandic gæta (“watch over, look after”). Cognate to Finnish katsoa.
katsuma (da-infinitive katsuda)
| indicative | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | katsun | ei katsu | 1st sing. | olen katsunud | ei ole katsunud pole katsunud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | katsud | 2nd sing. | oled katsunud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | katsub | 3rd sing. | on katsunud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | katsume | 1st plur. | oleme katsunud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | katsute | 2nd plur. | olete katsunud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | katsuvad | 3rd plur. | on katsunud | ||||||
| impersonal | katsutakse | ei katsuta | impersonal | on katsutud | ei ole katsutud pole katsutud | ||||
| past | pluperfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | katsusin | ei katsunud | 1st sing. | olin katsunud | ei olnud katsunud polnud katsunud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | katsusid | 2nd sing. | olid katsunud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | katsus | 3rd sing. | oli katsunud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | katsusime | 1st plur. | olime katsunud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | katsusite | 2nd plur. | olite katsunud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | katsusid | 3rd plur. | oli katsunud | ||||||
| impersonal | katsuti | ei katsutud | impersonal | oli katsutud | ei olnud katsutud polnud katsutud | ||||
| conditional | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | katsuksin | ei katsuks | 1st sing. | katsunuksin oleksin katsunud |
ei katsunuks ei oleks katsunud poleks katsunud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | katsuksid | 2nd sing. | katsunuksid oleksid katsunud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | katsuks | 3rd sing. | katsunuks oleks katsunud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | katsuksime | 1st plur. | katsunuksime oleksime katsunud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | katsuksite | 2nd plur. | katsunuksite oleksite katsunud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | katsuksid | 3rd plur. | katsunuksid oleksid katsunud | ||||||
| impersonal | katsutaks | ei katsutaks | impersonal | oleks katsutud | ei oleks katsutud poleks katsutud | ||||
| imperative | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||
| 2nd sing. | katsu | ära katsu | 2nd sing. | ole katsunud | ära ole katsunud | ||||
| 3rd sing. | katsugu | ärgu katsugu | 3rd sing. | olgu katsunud | ärgu olgu katsunud | ||||
| 1st plur. | katsugem | ärme katsume ärme katsu ärgem katsugem |
1st plur. | olgem katsunud | ärme oleme katsunud ärme ole katsunud ärgem olgem katsunud | ||||
| 2nd plur. | katsuge | ärge katsuge | 2nd plur. | olge katsunud | ärge olge katsunud | ||||
| 3rd plur. | katsugu | ärgu katsugu | 3rd plur. | olgu katsunud | ärgu olgu katsunud | ||||
| impersonal | katsutagu | ärgu katsutagu | impersonal | olgu katsutud | ärgu olgu katsutud | ||||
| quotative | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| voice | positive | negative | voice | positive | negative | ||||
| active | katsuvat | ei katsuvat | active | olevat katsunud | ei olevat katsunud polevat katsunud | ||||
| passive | katsutavat | ei katsutavat | passive | olevat katsutud | ei olevat katsutud polevat katsutud | ||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||
| ma-infinitive | active | passive | da-infinitive | present | past | ||||
| nominative | katsuma | katsutama | nominative | katsuda | olla katsunud | ||||
| illative | — | inessive | katsudes | olles katsunud | |||||
| inessive | katsumas | participle | active | passive | |||||
| elative | katsumast | present | katsuv | katsutav | |||||
| translative | katsumaks | past | katsunud | katsutud | |||||
| abessive | katsumata | negative | katsumatu | — | |||||
katsuma