kel

Cypriot Arabic

Etymology

Inherited from Arabic أَكَلَ (ʔakala).

Verb

kel I (present pkyakol)

1. to eat
2. to wear down

References

• Borg, Alexander (2004) A Comparative Glossary of Cypriot Maronite Arabic (Arabic–English) (Handbook of Oriental Studies; I.70), Leiden and Boston: Brill, page 142

Czech

Czech Wikipedia has an article on:

kel

Wikipedia ^cs

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):
• Hyphenation: kel
• Rhymes: -ɛl

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Czech kel, from Proto-Slavic *kъlъ.

Noun

kel m inan

1. tusk

Declension

Etymology 2

Related to older klí (“embryo, germ”).

Noun

kel m inan or f

1. (obsolete, botany) embryo, germ

   Synonyms: klíček, embryo, klík (obsolete), klíč (rare)

Declension

Derived terms

Further reading

• kel in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
• kel in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
• kel in Internetová jazyková příručka
• František Št. Kott (1878) “kel”, in Česko-německý slovník zvláště grammaticko-fraseologický (in Czech), Prague: Josef Kolář, page 684

Danish

Etymology

From German Kehle.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /keːl/,

Noun

kel c (singular definite kelen, plural indefinite kele)

1. hollow moulding, cavetto
2. valley

Inflection

Hungarian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

• Audio

  (file)

• Hyphenation: kel
• Rhymes: -ɛl

Etymology 1

From Proto-Ugric *kälä-, possibly derived from Proto-Finno-Ugric *kälä- (“to ford”). Akin to Northern Mansi ква̄луӈкве (kwāluňkwe, “to rise”).

Alternative forms

• kél (archaic, except in some phrases like lába kél)

Verb

kel

1. (obsolete) come and go, get about (to transport oneself from place to place)
3. (intransitive) to get up, rise (from sleep; occasionally more broadly from a lying or sitting position)

   Synonyms: felkel, feláll

4. (intransitive, of the sun or moon) to rise

   Synonym: felkel

5. (intransitive, of a seedling) to sprout, shoot, bud, germinate

   Synonyms: sarjad, kibújik

6. (intransitive, of a young bird or insect) to hatch (to be hatched)
7. (intransitive, cooking, of dough) to rise
8. (intransitive, figuratively, in expressions) to start, set off, take off

   Synonyms: kezd, indul, (in expressions) ered

9. (intransitive, figuratively, archaic or poetic) to rise, arise (chiefly of emotions, their outward expressions, or natural forces like wind)

   Synonyms: keletkezik, kezdődik, támad

10. (intransitive, marketing, chiefly after adverbs) to be sought-after, in demand

    Synonyms: kelendő, eladható, kapós, keresett, fogy

11. (intransitive, of a piece of writing) to be dated (only in the past tense)

    Synonyms: íródik, létrejön

Conjugation

Derived terms

(With verbal prefixes):

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Bavarian Keel (“Savoy cabbage”), from Latin caulis (“stem, stalk, cabbage”).

Noun

kel (plural kelek)

2. Savoy cabbage

   Synonym: kelkáposzta

3. (in phrases and compounds) a type of Brassica (cabbage and similar plants), including kale, cauliflower, napa cabbage, and Brussels sprout

   Hyponyms: fodros kel, kínai kel

Declension

Derived terms

References

Further reading

• (to get up, to rise): kel in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
• (Savoy cabbage): kel in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

Kabuverdianu

Etymology

From Portuguese aquilo.

Pronoun

kel

1. that

Northern Kurdish

Noun

kel ?

1. thing
2. heat

Old Czech

Alternative forms

• keł (alternative writing)

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kъlъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (13^th CE) /ˈkɛɫ/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /ˈkɛl/

Noun

kel m inan

1. tusk
2. culm (?)

Declension

Descendants

• Czech: kel

Further reading

• Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) “kel”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění

Old French

Contraction

kel

1. contraction of ke le (that it)

Slovak

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈkɛɫ/

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Bavarian Keel (“Savoy cabbage”), from Latin caulis (“stem, stalk, cabbage”).

Noun

kel m inan (genitive singular kelu, nominative plural kely, genitive plural kelov, declension pattern of dub)

1. savoy

Declension

Derived terms

• do kelu
• kelový

Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *kъlъ.

Noun

kel m inan (genitive singular kla, nominative plural kly, genitive plural klov, declension pattern of dub)

1. tusk

Declension

Derived terms

• klový

Further reading

• “kel”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024

Sranan Tongo

Noun

kel

1. guy, dude
   • c. 1950, Sophie Redmond, “Datra Papa [A doctor's father]”, in Thea Doelwijt, editor, Kri, kra! Proza van Suriname [Kri, kra! Prose from Suriname]‎, Paramaribo: Bureau Volkslectuur, published 1972, page 115:

     Nana: Misi libi mi nanga tori foe Frits p'pa; efi mi prakseri fa mi lasi na beste ten foe mi libi, nanga na kel.

     Nana: Madam, let me be with the matter of Frits's dad. If I just think about how I waisted the best years of my life with that guy...

   • 1985, Paul Marlee, Proefkonijn‎, Paramaribo: Uitgeverij De Volksboekwinkel, →ISBN, page 99:

     ‘Blub, hik, sorry man, ei Arnie, pe y' ben de yongu, m' e suk' i no moer man; pe a meid Sastro de man, mi lob' a sma, yongu, wan f' den kel go vandoor nang' a sma k'ba natuurlijk. (...)’

     'Glub, hiccup, sorry, man, hey Arnie, where have you been, man, I've been looking all over for you; where's that girl Sastro, man, I love that girl, man, one of the guys already went off with her, obviously. (...)'

Descendants

• → Dutch: kill

Swedish

Etymology

Deverbal from kela

Noun

kel n

1. (colloquial) cuddling, petting

Declension

References

• kel in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• kel in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• kel in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

Turkish

Etymology

From Ottoman Turkish كل (kel, “bald”), from Persian کل (kal, “bald”). Cognate to kelle (“head”) and ultimately to Latin calvus (“bald”), Old English calu (“bald”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈcæl/

• Audio

  (file)

Adjective

kel

1. bald

Declension

Synonyms

• dazlak

Related terms

• kelle
• kellik
• kelleşmek

Descendants

• → Romanian: chel

Volapük

Etymology

Borrowed from French lequel (“which”).

Pronoun

kel

1. (relative) who
2. (relative) which

Declension

• Note: This word is declined to match the function it plays in its subordinate clause, not to match the declension of the noun it modifies.

Wolof

Noun

kel (definite form kel gi)

1. Grewia bicolor

Yetfa

Noun

kel

1. water

References

• Cornelis L. Voorhoeve, Languages of Irian Jaya Checklist (1975, Canberra: Pacific Linguistics), page 122

Zou

Etymology 1

From Proto-Kuki-Chin *keel, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *keel.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kel˧˩/

Noun

kèl

1. goat

Etymology 2

From Proto-Kuki-Chin *kal, from Proto-Sino-Tibetan *g-la. Cognates include Khumi Chin ämäkei and Mizo kal.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kəl˧/

Noun

kel

1. kidney

Etymology 3

From Proto-Kuki-Chin *kaal.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kəl˧/

Verb

kel

1. (transitive) to climb

Derived terms

References

• Lukram Himmat Singh (2013) A Descriptive Grammar of Zou, Canchipur: Manipur University, pages 40, 46, 81