keroella

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Ingrian

Etymology

From kerota (“to swear”) +‎ -ella. Akin to Finnish kiroilla.

Pronunciation

Verb

keroella

  1. (intransitive) to swear; to curse

Conjugation

Conjugation of keroella (type 12/kuulla, t- gradation, gemination)
Indikativa
Preesens Perfekta
positive negative positive negative
1st singular kerotelen en kerotele 1st singular oon keroelt, oon keroellut en oo keroelt, en oo keroellut
2nd singular kerotelet et kerotele 2nd singular oot keroelt, oot keroellut et oo keroelt, et oo keroellut
3rd singular kerotelloo ei kerotele 3rd singular ono keroelt, ono keroellut ei oo keroelt, ei oo keroellut
1st plural kerotelemma emmä kerotele 1st plural oomma keroelleet emmä oo keroelleet
2nd plural keroteletta että kerotele 2nd plural ootta keroelleet että oo keroelleet
3rd plural kerotelloot1), kerotelevat2), keroellaa evät kerotele, ei keroella 3rd plural ovat keroelleet evät oo keroelleet, ei oo keroeltu
impersonal keroellaa ei keroella impersonal ono keroeltu ei oo keroeltu
Imperfekta Pluskvamperfekta
positive negative positive negative
1st singular kerotelin en keroelt, en keroellut 1st singular olin keroelt, olin keroellut en olt keroelt, en olt keroellut
2nd singular kerotelit et keroelt, et keroellut 2nd singular olit keroelt, olit keroellut et olt keroelt, et olt keroellut
3rd singular keroteli ei keroelt, ei keroellut 3rd singular oli keroelt, oli keroellut ei olt keroelt, ei olt keroellut
1st plural kerotelimma emmä keroelleet 1st plural olimma keroelleet emmä olleet keroelleet
2nd plural kerotelitta että keroelleet 2nd plural olitta keroelleet että olleet keroelleet
3rd plural kerotelliit1), kerotelivat2), keroeltii evät keroelleet, ei keroeltu 3rd plural olivat keroelleet evät olleet keroelleet, ei olt keroeltu
impersonal keroeltii ei keroeltu impersonal oli keroeltu ei olt keroeltu
Konditsionala
Preesens Perfekta
positive negative positive negative
1st singular kerotelisin en kerotelis 1st singular olisin keroelt, olisin keroellut en olis keroelt, en olis keroellut
2nd singular kerotelisit, kerotelliist1) et kerotelis 2nd singular olisit keroelt, olisit keroellut et olis keroelt, et olis keroellut
3rd singular kerotelis ei kerotelis 3rd singular olis keroelt, olis keroellut ei olis keroelt, ei olis keroellut
1st plural kerotelisimma emmä kerotelis 1st plural olisimma keroelleet emmä olis keroelleet
2nd plural kerotelisitta että kerotelis 2nd plural olisitta keroelleet että olis keroelleet
3rd plural kerotelisiit1), kerotelisivat2), keroeltais evät kerotelis, ei keroeltais 3rd plural olisivat keroelleet evät olis keroelleet, ei olis keroeltu
impersonal keroeltais ei keroeltais impersonal olis keroeltu ei olis keroeltu
Imperativa
Preesens Perfekta
positive negative positive negative
1st singular — — 1st singular — —
2nd singular kerotele elä kerotele 2nd singular oo keroelt, oo keroellut elä oo keroelt, elä oo keroellut
3rd singular keroelkoo elköö keroelko 3rd singular olkoo keroelt, olkoo keroellut elköö olko keroelt, elköö olko keroellut
1st plural — — 1st plural — —
2nd plural keroelkaa elkää keroelko 2nd plural olkaa keroelleet elkää olko keroelleet
3rd plural keroelkoot elkööt keroelko, elköö keroeltako 3rd plural olkoot keroelleet elkööt olko keroelleet, elköö olko keroeltu
impersonal keroeltakoo elköö keroeltako impersonal olkoo keroeltu elköö olko keroeltu
Potentsiala
Preesens
positive negative
1st singular keroellen en keroelle
2nd singular keroellet et keroelle
3rd singular keroelloo ei keroelle
1st plural keroellemma emmä keroelle
2nd plural keroelletta että keroelle
3rd plural keroelloot evät keroelle, ei keroeltane
impersonal keroeltanoo ei keroeltane
Nominal forms
Infinitivat Partisipat
active passive
1st keroella present keroteleva keroeltava
2nd inessive keroellees past keroelt, keroellut keroeltu
instructive keroellen 1) Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect.
2) Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect.
*) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (keroelkaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well.
**) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) to the indicative
***) The deliberative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) or -kse to either the indicative or the potential
****) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse-, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition.
3rd illative kerotelomaa
inessive kerotelomaas
elative kerotelomast
abessive kerotelomata
4th nominative kerotelomiin
partitive kerotelomista, kerotelomist

Synonyms

References

  • Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 157
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