From kiv- + -ahtaa, probably from the same root as kiivas and possibly kiva.
kivahtaa
Inflection of kivahtaa (Kotus type 53*F/muistaa, t-d gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
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indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | kivahdan | en kivahda | 1st sing. | olen kivahtanut | en ole kivahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | kivahdat | et kivahda | 2nd sing. | olet kivahtanut | et ole kivahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | kivahtaa | ei kivahda | 3rd sing. | on kivahtanut | ei ole kivahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | kivahdamme | emme kivahda | 1st plur. | olemme kivahtaneet | emme ole kivahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | kivahdatte | ette kivahda | 2nd plur. | olette kivahtaneet | ette ole kivahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | kivahtavat | eivät kivahda | 3rd plur. | ovat kivahtaneet | eivät ole kivahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | kivahdetaan | ei kivahdeta | passive | on kivahdettu | ei ole kivahdettu | ||||||||||||||||
past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | kivahdin | en kivahtanut | 1st sing. | olin kivahtanut | en ollut kivahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | kivahdit | et kivahtanut | 2nd sing. | olit kivahtanut | et ollut kivahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | kivahti | ei kivahtanut | 3rd sing. | oli kivahtanut | ei ollut kivahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | kivahdimme | emme kivahtaneet | 1st plur. | olimme kivahtaneet | emme olleet kivahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | kivahditte | ette kivahtaneet | 2nd plur. | olitte kivahtaneet | ette olleet kivahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | kivahtivat | eivät kivahtaneet | 3rd plur. | olivat kivahtaneet | eivät olleet kivahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | kivahdettiin | ei kivahdettu | passive | oli kivahdettu | ei ollut kivahdettu | ||||||||||||||||
conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | kivahtaisin | en kivahtaisi | 1st sing. | olisin kivahtanut | en olisi kivahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | kivahtaisit | et kivahtaisi | 2nd sing. | olisit kivahtanut | et olisi kivahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | kivahtaisi | ei kivahtaisi | 3rd sing. | olisi kivahtanut | ei olisi kivahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | kivahtaisimme | emme kivahtaisi | 1st plur. | olisimme kivahtaneet | emme olisi kivahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | kivahtaisitte | ette kivahtaisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte kivahtaneet | ette olisi kivahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | kivahtaisivat | eivät kivahtaisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat kivahtaneet | eivät olisi kivahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | kivahdettaisiin | ei kivahdettaisi | passive | olisi kivahdettu | ei olisi kivahdettu | ||||||||||||||||
imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | kivahda | älä kivahda | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | kivahtakoon | älköön kivahtako | 3rd sing. | olkoon kivahtanut | älköön olko kivahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | kivahtakaamme | älkäämme kivahtako | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | kivahtakaa | älkää kivahtako | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | kivahtakoot | älkööt kivahtako | 3rd plur. | olkoot kivahtaneet | älkööt olko kivahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | kivahdettakoon | älköön kivahdettako | passive | olkoon kivahdettu | älköön olko kivahdettu | ||||||||||||||||
potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
1st sing. | kivahtanen | en kivahtane | 1st sing. | lienen kivahtanut | en liene kivahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
2nd sing. | kivahtanet | et kivahtane | 2nd sing. | lienet kivahtanut | et liene kivahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
3rd sing. | kivahtanee | ei kivahtane | 3rd sing. | lienee kivahtanut | ei liene kivahtanut | ||||||||||||||||
1st plur. | kivahtanemme | emme kivahtane | 1st plur. | lienemme kivahtaneet | emme liene kivahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
2nd plur. | kivahtanette | ette kivahtane | 2nd plur. | lienette kivahtaneet | ette liene kivahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
3rd plur. | kivahtanevat | eivät kivahtane | 3rd plur. | lienevät kivahtaneet | eivät liene kivahtaneet | ||||||||||||||||
passive | kivahdettaneen | ei kivahdettane | passive | lienee kivahdettu | ei liene kivahdettu | ||||||||||||||||
Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
1st | kivahtaa | present | kivahtava | kivahdettava | |||||||||||||||||
long 1st1 |
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past | kivahtanut | kivahdettu | |||||||||||||||||
2nd | inessive2 | kivahtaessa | kivahdettaessa | agent4 | kivahtama | ||||||||||||||||
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negative | kivahtamaton | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | kivahtaen | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix.
2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). unlike the first infinitive (the lemma form), even though they are spelled identically. | ||||||||||||||||||
3rd | inessive | kivahtamassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
elative | kivahtamasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
illative | kivahtamaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
adessive | kivahtamalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
abessive | kivahtamatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
instructive | kivahtaman | kivahdettaman | |||||||||||||||||||
4th3 | verbal noun | kivahtaminen | |||||||||||||||||||
5th1 |
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