kjósa

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See also: kjosa

Faroese

Etymology

From Old Norse kjósa, from Proto-Germanic *keusaną, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵews-.

Pronunciation

Verb

kjósa (third person singular past indicative keys, third person plural past indicative kusu, supine kosið)

  1. to choose

Conjugation

Conjugation of kjósa (group v-39s)
infinitive kjósa
supine kosið
participle (a27)1 kjósandi kosin
present past
first singular kjósi keys
second singular kýsur keyst
third singular kýsur keys
plural kjósa kusu
imperative
singular kjós!
plural kjósið!
1Only the past participle being declined.

Synonyms

Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse kjósa, from Proto-Germanic *keusaną, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵews-.

Pronunciation

Verb

kjósa (strong verb, third-person singular past indicative kaus, third-person plural past indicative kusu, supine kosið)

  1. to vote
  2. (with accusative, transitive) to vote for somebody
    Ég kaus þann sem tapaði.
    I voted for the one who lost.
  3. to elect
  4. to choose, to select
  5. to prefer

Conjugation

Note: Remnants of earlier forms still exist: past kjöri (occasional modern use), past plural kuru or kjöru (now obsolete), past participle kjörinn (fairly common).

kjósa — active voice (germynd)
infinitive
(nafnháttur) 		að kjósa
supine
(sagnbót) 		kosið
present participle
(lýsingarháttur nútíðar) 		kjósandi
indicative
(framsöguháttur) 		subjunctive
(viðtengingarháttur)
present
(nútíð) 		ég kýs við kjósum present
(nútíð) 		ég kjósi við kjósum
þú kýst þið kjósið þú kjósir þið kjósið
hann, hún, það kýs þeir, þær, þau kjósa hann, hún, það kjósi þeir, þær, þau kjósi
past
(þátíð) 		ég kaus við kusum past
(þátíð) 		ég kysi við kysum
þú kaust þið kusuð þú kysir þið kysuð
hann, hún, það kaus þeir, þær, þau kusu hann, hún, það kysi þeir, þær, þau kysu
imperative
(boðháttur) 		kjós (þú) kjósið (þið)
Forms with appended personal pronoun
kjóstu kjósiði *
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.
kjósast — mediopassive voice (miðmynd)
infinitive
(nafnháttur) 		að kjósast
supine
(sagnbót) 		kosist
present participle
(lýsingarháttur nútíðar) 		kjósandist **
** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses
indicative
(framsöguháttur) 		subjunctive
(viðtengingarháttur)
present
(nútíð) 		ég kýst við kjósumst present
(nútíð) 		ég kjósist við kjósumst
þú kýst þið kjósist þú kjósist þið kjósist
hann, hún, það kýst þeir, þær, þau kjósast hann, hún, það kjósist þeir, þær, þau kjósist
past
(þátíð) 		ég kaust við kusumst past
(þátíð) 		ég kysist við kysumst
þú kaust þið kusust þú kysist þið kysust
hann, hún, það kaust þeir, þær, þau kusust hann, hún, það kysist þeir, þær, þau kysust
imperative
(boðháttur) 		kjóst (þú) kjósist (þið)
Forms with appended personal pronoun
kjóstu kjósisti *
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.
kosinn — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)
strong declension
(sterk beyging) 		singular (eintala) plural (fleirtala)
masculine
(karlkyn) 		feminine
(kvenkyn) 		neuter
(hvorugkyn) 		masculine
(karlkyn) 		feminine
(kvenkyn) 		neuter
(hvorugkyn)
nominative
(nefnifall) 		kosinn kosin kosið kosnir kosnar kosin
accusative
(þolfall) 		kosinn kosna kosið kosna kosnar kosin
dative
(þágufall) 		kosnum kosinni kosnu kosnum kosnum kosnum
genitive
(eignarfall) 		kosins kosinnar kosins kosinna kosinna kosinna
weak declension
(veik beyging) 		singular (eintala) plural (fleirtala)
masculine
(karlkyn) 		feminine
(kvenkyn) 		neuter
(hvorugkyn) 		masculine
(karlkyn) 		feminine
(kvenkyn) 		neuter
(hvorugkyn)
nominative
(nefnifall) 		kosni kosna kosna kosnu kosnu kosnu
accusative
(þolfall) 		kosna kosnu kosna kosnu kosnu kosnu
dative
(þágufall) 		kosna kosnu kosna kosnu kosnu kosnu
genitive
(eignarfall) 		kosna kosnu kosna kosnu kosnu kosnu

Synonyms

Derived terms

Old Norse

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *keusaną, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵews-.

Compare Old English ċēosan (English choose), Old Frisian kiāsa (West Frisian kieze), Old Saxon kiosan (Low German kesen), Dutch kiezen, Old High German kiosan, chiosan (German kiesen), Gothic 𐌺𐌹𐌿𐍃𐌰𐌽 (kiusan).

Verb

kjósa

  1. (transitive) to choose
  2. to desire, wish
  3. to elect
    kjósa biskup
    to elect a bishop
  4. (with prepositions) to select

Conjugation

Alternatively, in the Old Icelandic dialect, this verb can receive a weak inflection pattern in its past tenses. See also frjósa for this.

Conjugation of kjósa — active (strong class 2)
infinitive kjósa
present participle kjósandi
past participle kosinn
indicative present past
1st-person singular kýs kaus
2nd-person singular kýss kaust
3rd-person singular kýss kaus
1st-person plural kjósum kusum
2nd-person plural kjósið kusuð
3rd-person plural kjósa kusu
subjunctive present past
1st-person singular kjósa kysa
2nd-person singular kjósir kysir
3rd-person singular kjósi kysi
1st-person plural kjósim kysim
2nd-person plural kjósið kysið
3rd-person plural kjósi kysi
imperative present
2nd-person singular kjós
1st-person plural kjósum
2nd-person plural kjósið
Conjugation of kjósa — mediopassive (strong class 2)
infinitive kjósask
present participle kjósandisk
past participle kosizk
indicative present past
1st-person singular kjósumk kusumk
2nd-person singular kjósk kausk
3rd-person singular kjósk kausk
1st-person plural kjósumsk kusumsk
2nd-person plural kjósizk kusuzk
3rd-person plural kjósask kususk
subjunctive present past
1st-person singular kjósumk kysumk
2nd-person singular kjósisk kysisk
3rd-person singular kjósisk kysisk
1st-person plural kjósimsk kysimsk
2nd-person plural kjósizk kysizk
3rd-person plural kjósisk kysisk
imperative present
2nd-person singular kjósk
1st-person plural kjósumsk
2nd-person plural kjósizk
Conjugation of kjósa — active (strong class 2, weak inflection in past tense)
infinitive kjósa
present participle kjósandi
past participle kørinn
indicative present past
1st-person singular kýs køra
2nd-person singular kýss kørir
3rd-person singular kýss køri
1st-person plural kjósum kørum
2nd-person plural kjósið køruð
3rd-person plural kjósa køru
subjunctive present past
1st-person singular kjósa køra
2nd-person singular kjósir kørir
3rd-person singular kjósi køri
1st-person plural kjósim kørim
2nd-person plural kjósið kørið
3rd-person plural kjósi køri
imperative present
2nd-person singular kjós
1st-person plural kjósum
2nd-person plural kjósið
Conjugation of kjósa — mediopassive (strong class 2, weak inflection in past tense)
infinitive kjósask
present participle kjósandisk
past participle kørizk
indicative present past
1st-person singular kjósumk kørumk
2nd-person singular kýsk kørisk
3rd-person singular kýsk kørisk
1st-person plural kjósumsk kørumsk
2nd-person plural kjósizk køruzk
3rd-person plural kjósask kørusk
subjunctive present past
1st-person singular kjósumk kørumk
2nd-person singular kjósisk kørisk
3rd-person singular kjósisk kørisk
1st-person plural kjósimsk kørimsk
2nd-person plural kjósizk kørizk
3rd-person plural kjósisk kørisk
imperative present
2nd-person singular kjósk
1st-person plural kjósumsk
2nd-person plural kjósizk

Related terms

  • kjǫr n, kør n (“choice, decision, election”)

Descendants

  • Icelandic: kjósa
  • Faroese: kjósa
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: kjosa, kjose
  • Old Swedish: kiūsa
  • Danish: kyse

References

  • “kjósa”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
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