klyvsvamp

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Swedish

Alternative forms

Etymology

Compound of klyva (split, cleave) +‎ svamp (fungus). Calque of translingual Schizomycetes. Ultimately from Ancient Greek σχίζω (skhízō, I split) + plural form of μύκης (múkēs, mushroom, fungus, mushroom-shaped objects). Refers to bacteria's habit of multiplying by splitting. First attested in 1884[1].

Noun

klyvsvamp c

  1. (obsolete, microbiology) Schizomycetes; all or some bacteria, in any of several phyla.
    Synonym: bakterie
    • 1897 July, August, Fr. Müller (Bonn), “Bakterierna — våra minsta vänner [The Bacteria — Our Smallest Friends]”, in Tidskrift för Hälsovård, numbers 7 and 8, pages 114–115:
      I naturens stora hushållning fylla nämligen mikroberna en till sina följder ytterst viktig uppgift, nämligen alstrandet af förruttnelsen. De därmed betrodda klyfsvamparna, saprogena eller förruttnelsebalderier kallade, erbjuda så mycket intressant, att det lönar sig att ett ögonblick uppehålla sig vid dem. Dessa klyfsvampar äro nästan allestädes närvarande: i luften, i vattnet, i marken, på ytan af alla kroppar, i matsmältningskanalen hos hvarje människa och djur. Komma de i en vätskatillsammans med andra klyfsvampar, särskildt sjukdomsalstrande (patogena), så iakttaga vi den märkvärdiga företeelse, att de, liksom om de vore ett slags polis i naturens hushållning, öfvermanna de sjukdomsalstrande svamparna och hastigt bringa dem att dö bort.
      In the grand economy of nature, microbes fulfill a task of utmost importance in their effects, namely the generation of putrefaction. The Schizomycetes entrusted with this, known as saprogenic or putrefactive bacteria, offer so much of interest that it is worthwhile to pause and consider them for a moment. These Schizomycetes are almost omnipresent: in the air, in the water, in the soil, on the surface of all bodies, and in the digestive tract of every human and animal. When they come into a fluid together with other Schizomycetes, particularly disease-causing (pathogenic) ones, we observe the remarkable phenomenon that they, as if they were a kind of police force in nature's economy, overpower the pathogenic bacteria and swiftly cause them to perish.
    • 1907 June 27, “Mjältbrand [Anthrax]”, in Västerbottenskuriren, number 74, page 3:
      Orsaken till sjukdomen är en klyvsvamp, mjältbrandsbacillen, som kan upptagas från sårytor eller med den inandade luften, eller med förtärda delar efter mjältbrandssjuka djur, såsom kött m. m.
      The cause of the disease is a Schizomycetes, the anthrax bacillus, which can be contracted from wound surfaces, through inhaled air, or by consuming parts from animals afflicted with anthrax, such as meat, and other such items.
    • 1914, Oscar Heinrich Dumrath, Universum – Det oändligt stora och det oändligt lilla, page 42:
      Denna klyvsvamp bringar nämligen de orena sockermängderna, melassen, till dextrinjäsning och gör den därigenom oanvändbar. [] Genom utspädd svavelsyra och undersvavelsyrlig kalk har man emellertid lyckats i det närmaste utrota denna klyvsvamp ur sockerfabrikerna. [] Sarcina pulmonum, som anträffas i lungorna hos med en lung-åkomma behäftade personer, båda arterna i en varubalar liknande form, utan att man vågar avgöra, om denna klyvsvamp är patogen eller icke.
      This Schizomycetes causes the impure sugar quantities, such as molasses, to undergo dextrin fermentation, rendering them unusable. However, through the use of diluted sulfuric acid and hyposulfurous lime, this Schizomycetes has been nearly eradicated from sugar factories. Sarcina pulmonum, found in the lungs of individuals afflicted with pulmonary diseases, appears in a form resembling small packets, yet it remains uncertain whether this Schizomycetes is pathogenic or not.

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