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Egyptian
Pronunciation
Verb
3ae inf.
- (intransitive) to bow down (+ n or ḥr: before (someone))
- (intransitive) to bend down (in order to pick something up)
- (transitive) to bend (something)
Inflection
Conjugation of ksj (third weak / 3ae inf. / III. inf.) — base stem: ks, geminated stem: kss
| infinitival forms
|
imperative
|
| infinitive
|
negatival complement
|
complementary infinitive1
|
singular
|
plural
|
kst, ksj
|
ksw, ks
|
kst, kswt, ksyt
|
ks
|
ks, ksy
|
| suffix conjugation
|
| aspect / mood
|
active
|
passive
|
contingent
|
| aspect / mood
|
active
|
passive
|
| perfect
|
ks.n
|
ksw, ks, ksy
|
consecutive
|
ks.jn
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| terminative
|
kst, ksyt
|
| perfective3
|
ks
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
obligative1
|
ks.ḫr
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| imperfective
|
ks, ksy
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| prospective3
|
ksw, ks, ksy
|
ksw, ks, ksy
|
potentialis1
|
ks.kꜣ
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| subjunctive
|
ks, ksy
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
| verbal adjectives
|
| aspect / mood
|
relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms
|
participles
|
| active
|
passive
|
active
|
passive
|
| perfect
|
ks.n
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
—
|
—
|
| perfective
|
ksw1, ksy, ks
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
ks
|
ksy, ks
|
| imperfective
|
kss, kssy, kssw5
|
active + .tj1, .tw2
|
kss, kssj6, kssy6
|
kss, kssw5
|
| prospective
|
ksw1, ksy, ks, kstj7
|
—
|
kswtj1 4, kstj4, kst4
|
- Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian.
- Used mostly since Middle Egyptian.
- Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective.
- Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn.
- Only in the masculine singular.
- Only in the masculine.
- Only in the feminine.
- Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final -y instead of the expected stative ending.
|
Alternative forms
Alternative hieroglyphic writings of ksj
Derived terms
References
- Erman, Adolf, Grapow, Hermann (1931) Wörterbuch der ägyptischen Sprache, volume 5, Berlin: Akademie-Verlag, →ISBN, pages 139.7–139.18
- Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN, page 287
