From Proto-Finnic *kulkëdak, from Proto-Uralic *kulke- (see it for more). Cognates include Estonian kulgema, Erzya кольгемс (koľgems, “leak”), Hungarian halad.
kulkea (intransitive)
| Inflection of kulkea (Kotus type 58*L/laskea, k-j gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | kuljen | en kulje | 1st sing. | olen kulkenut | en ole kulkenut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | kuljet | et kulje | 2nd sing. | olet kulkenut | et ole kulkenut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | kulkee | ei kulje | 3rd sing. | on kulkenut | ei ole kulkenut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | kuljemme | emme kulje | 1st plur. | olemme kulkeneet | emme ole kulkeneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | kuljette | ette kulje | 2nd plur. | olette kulkeneet | ette ole kulkeneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | kulkevat | eivät kulje | 3rd plur. | ovat kulkeneet | eivät ole kulkeneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | kuljetaan | ei kuljeta | passive | on kuljettu | ei ole kuljettu | ||||||||||||||||
| past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | kuljin | en kulkenut | 1st sing. | olin kulkenut | en ollut kulkenut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | kuljit | et kulkenut | 2nd sing. | olit kulkenut | et ollut kulkenut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | kulki | ei kulkenut | 3rd sing. | oli kulkenut | ei ollut kulkenut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | kuljimme | emme kulkeneet | 1st plur. | olimme kulkeneet | emme olleet kulkeneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | kuljitte | ette kulkeneet | 2nd plur. | olitte kulkeneet | ette olleet kulkeneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | kulkivat | eivät kulkeneet | 3rd plur. | olivat kulkeneet | eivät olleet kulkeneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | kuljettiin | ei kuljettu | passive | oli kuljettu | ei ollut kuljettu | ||||||||||||||||
| conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | kulkisin | en kulkisi | 1st sing. | olisin kulkenut | en olisi kulkenut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | kulkisit | et kulkisi | 2nd sing. | olisit kulkenut | et olisi kulkenut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | kulkisi | ei kulkisi | 3rd sing. | olisi kulkenut | ei olisi kulkenut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | kulkisimme | emme kulkisi | 1st plur. | olisimme kulkeneet | emme olisi kulkeneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | kulkisitte | ette kulkisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte kulkeneet | ette olisi kulkeneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | kulkisivat | eivät kulkisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat kulkeneet | eivät olisi kulkeneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | kuljettaisiin | ei kuljettaisi | passive | olisi kuljettu | ei olisi kuljettu | ||||||||||||||||
| imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | kulje | älä kulje | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | kulkekoon | älköön kulkeko | 3rd sing. | olkoon kulkenut | älköön olko kulkenut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | kulkekaamme | älkäämme kulkeko | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | kulkekaa | älkää kulkeko | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | kulkekoot | älkööt kulkeko | 3rd plur. | olkoot kulkeneet | älkööt olko kulkeneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | kuljettakoon | älköön kuljettako | passive | olkoon kuljettu | älköön olko kuljettu | ||||||||||||||||
| potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | kulkenen | en kulkene | 1st sing. | lienen kulkenut | en liene kulkenut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | kulkenet | et kulkene | 2nd sing. | lienet kulkenut | et liene kulkenut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | kulkenee | ei kulkene | 3rd sing. | lienee kulkenut | ei liene kulkenut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | kulkenemme | emme kulkene | 1st plur. | lienemme kulkeneet | emme liene kulkeneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | kulkenette | ette kulkene | 2nd plur. | lienette kulkeneet | ette liene kulkeneet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | kulkenevat | eivät kulkene | 3rd plur. | lienevät kulkeneet | eivät liene kulkeneet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | kuljettaneen | ei kuljettane | passive | lienee kuljettu | ei liene kuljettu | ||||||||||||||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
| infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
| active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
| 1st | kulkea | present | kulkeva | kuljettava | |||||||||||||||||
| long 1st1 |
|
past | kulkenut | kuljettu | |||||||||||||||||
| 2nd | inessive2 | kulkiessa | kuljettaessa | agent3 | kulkema | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | kulkematon | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | kulkien | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix. 2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). | ||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd | inessive | kulkemassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
| elative | kulkemasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| illative | kulkemaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| adessive | kulkemalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| abessive | kulkematta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | kulkeman | kuljettaman | |||||||||||||||||||
| 4th4 | verbal noun | kulkeminen | |||||||||||||||||||
| 5th1 |
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