kumbana

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Swahili

Verb

-kumbana (infinitive kukumbana)

  1. Reciprocal form of -kumba: to tussle with

Conjugation

Conjugation of -kumbana
Positive present -nakumbana
Subjunctive -kumbane
Negative -kumbani
Imperative singular kumbana
Infinitives
Positive kukumbana
Negative kutokumbana
Imperatives
Singular kumbana
Plural kumbaneni
Tensed forms
Habitual hukumbana
Positive past positive subject concord + -likumbana
Negative past negative subject concord + -kukumbana
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nakumbana)
Singular Plural
1st person ninakumbana/nakumbana tunakumbana
2nd person unakumbana mnakumbana
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anakumbana wanakumbana
other classes positive subject concord + -nakumbana
Negative present (negative subject concord + -kumbani)
Singular Plural
1st person sikumbani hatukumbani
2nd person hukumbani hamkumbani
3rd person m-wa(I/II) hakumbani hawakumbani
other classes negative subject concord + -kumbani
Positive future positive subject concord + -takumbana
Negative future negative subject concord + -takumbana
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -kumbane)
Singular Plural
1st person nikumbane tukumbane
2nd person ukumbane mkumbane
3rd person m-wa(I/II) akumbane wakumbane
other classes positive subject concord + -kumbane
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sikumbane
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngekumbana
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singekumbana
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalikumbana
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalikumbana
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -akumbana)
Singular Plural
1st person nakumbana twakumbana
2nd person wakumbana mwakumbana
3rd person m-wa(I/II) akumbana wakumbana
m-mi(III/IV) wakumbana yakumbana
ji-ma(V/VI) lakumbana yakumbana
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chakumbana vyakumbana
n(IX/X) yakumbana zakumbana
u(XI) wakumbana see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwakumbana
pa(XVI) pakumbana
mu(XVIII) mwakumbana
Perfect positive subject concord + -mekumbana
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshakumbana
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -jakumbana
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kikumbana
"If not" positive subject concord + -sipokumbana
Consecutive kakumbana / positive subject concord + -kakumbana
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kakumbane
Object concord —
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + -kumbana- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -kumbanaye -kumbanao
m-mi(III/IV) -kumbanao -kumbanayo
ji-ma(V/VI) -kumbanalo -kumbanayo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kumbanacho -kumbanavyo
n(IX/X) -kumbanayo -kumbanazo
u(XI) -kumbanao see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kumbanako
pa(XVI) -kumbanapo
mu(XVIII) -kumbanamo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + -kumbana)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yekumbana -okumbana
m-mi(III/IV) -okumbana -yokumbana
ji-ma(V/VI) -lokumbana -yokumbana
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chokumbana -vyokumbana
n(IX/X) -yokumbana -zokumbana
u(XI) -okumbana see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kokumbana
pa(XVI) -pokumbana
mu(XVIII) -mokumbana
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.
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