kymmenen

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Finnish

Finnish numbers (edit)
100
 ←  1  ←  9 10 11  →  20  → 
1
    Cardinal: kymmenen
    Colloquial counting form: kymppi, kybä
    Ordinal: kymmenes
    Ordinal abbreviation: 10., 10:s
    Adverbial: kymmenesti
    Multiplier: kymmenkertainen
    Fractional: kymmenesosa, kymmenennes

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *kümmen, possibly from Proto-Finno-Permic *küme-ne. Compare Erzya кемень (kemeń).[1]

The original nominative singular form (kymmen) was replaced by the genitive singular form under the influence of kahdeksan and yhdeksän for which the nominative and genitive singular forms are also identical.

Pronunciation

Numeral

kymmenen

  1. ten

Usage notes

Declension

The inflected forms of the word kymmen (ten) are used in all cases, except the nominative singular.

Inflection of kymmenen (Kotus type 32/sisar, no gradation)
nominative kymmenen kymmenet
genitive kymmenen kymmenien
kymmenten
partitive kymmentä kymmeniä
illative kymmeneen kymmeniin
singular plural
nominative kymmenen kymmenet
accusative nom. kymmenen kymmenet
gen. kymmenen
genitive kymmenen kymmenien
kymmenten
partitive kymmentä kymmeniä
inessive kymmenessä kymmenissä
elative kymmenestä kymmenistä
illative kymmeneen kymmeniin
adessive kymmenellä kymmenillä
ablative kymmeneltä kymmeniltä
allative kymmenelle kymmenille
essive kymmenenä kymmeninä
translative kymmeneksi kymmeniksi
abessive kymmenettä kymmenittä
instructive
comitative kymmenine

Derived terms

compounds

Noun

kymmenen

  1. genitive singular of kymmen

References

  1. ^ Rédei, Károly (1986–88) Uralisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Uralic Etymological Dictionary] (in German), Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó

Further reading

Karelian

Karelian cardinal numbers
 <  9 10 11  > 
    Cardinal : kymmenen
    Ordinal : kymmenes
    Fractional : kymmenennes

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *kümmen. Cognates include Finnish kymmenen and Estonian kümme.

Pronunciation

Numeral

kymmenen

  1. ten

References

  • P. M. Zaykov (1999) Грамматика Карельского языка (фонетика и морфология) [Grammar of the Karelian language (phonetics and morphology)], →ISBN, page 51

Meänkieli

Etymology

From Finnish kymmenen, from Proto-Finnic *kümmen.

Numeral

kymmenen

  1. ten