kyrkja

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Icelandic

Etymology

From Old Norse kyrkja, kvirkja, from Proto-Germanic *kwirkijaną.

Pronunciation

Verb

kyrkja (weak verb, third-person singular past indicative kyrkti, supine kyrkt)

  1. (transitive, with accusative) to strangle, to choke
    Synonym: kæfa

Conjugation

kyrkja — active voice (germynd)
infinitive
(nafnháttur) 		að kyrkja
supine
(sagnbót) 		kyrkt
present participle
(lýsingarháttur nútíðar) 		kyrkjandi
indicative
(framsöguháttur) 		subjunctive
(viðtengingarháttur)
present
(nútíð) 		ég kyrki við kyrkjum present
(nútíð) 		ég kyrki við kyrkjum
þú kyrkir þið kyrkið þú kyrkir þið kyrkið
hann, hún, það kyrkir þeir, þær, þau kyrkja hann, hún, það kyrki þeir, þær, þau kyrki
past
(þátíð) 		ég kyrkti við kyrktum past
(þátíð) 		ég kyrkti við kyrktum
þú kyrktir þið kyrktuð þú kyrktir þið kyrktuð
hann, hún, það kyrkti þeir, þær, þau kyrktu hann, hún, það kyrkti þeir, þær, þau kyrktu
imperative
(boðháttur) 		kyrk (þú) kyrkið (þið)
Forms with appended personal pronoun
kyrktu kyrkiði *
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.
kyrkjast — mediopassive voice (miðmynd)
infinitive
(nafnháttur) 		að kyrkjast
supine
(sagnbót) 		kyrkst
present participle
(lýsingarháttur nútíðar) 		kyrkjandist **
** the mediopassive present participle is extremely rare and normally not used; it is never used attributively or predicatively, only for explicatory subclauses
indicative
(framsöguháttur) 		subjunctive
(viðtengingarháttur)
present
(nútíð) 		ég kyrkist við kyrkjumst present
(nútíð) 		ég kyrkist við kyrkjumst
þú kyrkist þið kyrkist þú kyrkist þið kyrkist
hann, hún, það kyrkist þeir, þær, þau kyrkjast hann, hún, það kyrkist þeir, þær, þau kyrkist
past
(þátíð) 		ég kyrktist við kyrktumst past
(þátíð) 		ég kyrktist við kyrktumst
þú kyrktist þið kyrktust þú kyrktist þið kyrktust
hann, hún, það kyrktist þeir, þær, þau kyrktust hann, hún, það kyrktist þeir, þær, þau kyrktust
imperative
(boðháttur) 		kyrkst (þú) kyrkist (þið)
Forms with appended personal pronoun
kyrkstu kyrkisti *
* Spoken form, usually not written; in writing, the unappended plural form (optionally followed by the full pronoun) is preferred.
kyrktur — past participle (lýsingarháttur þátíðar)
strong declension
(sterk beyging) 		singular (eintala) plural (fleirtala)
masculine
(karlkyn) 		feminine
(kvenkyn) 		neuter
(hvorugkyn) 		masculine
(karlkyn) 		feminine
(kvenkyn) 		neuter
(hvorugkyn)
nominative
(nefnifall) 		kyrktur kyrkt kyrkt kyrktir kyrktar kyrkt
accusative
(þolfall) 		kyrktan kyrkta kyrkt kyrkta kyrktar kyrkt
dative
(þágufall) 		kyrktum kyrktri kyrktu kyrktum kyrktum kyrktum
genitive
(eignarfall) 		kyrkts kyrktrar kyrkts kyrktra kyrktra kyrktra
weak declension
(veik beyging) 		singular (eintala) plural (fleirtala)
masculine
(karlkyn) 		feminine
(kvenkyn) 		neuter
(hvorugkyn) 		masculine
(karlkyn) 		feminine
(kvenkyn) 		neuter
(hvorugkyn)
nominative
(nefnifall) 		kyrkti kyrkta kyrkta kyrktu kyrktu kyrktu
accusative
(þolfall) 		kyrkta kyrktu kyrkta kyrktu kyrktu kyrktu
dative
(þágufall) 		kyrkta kyrktu kyrkta kyrktu kyrktu kyrktu
genitive
(eignarfall) 		kyrkta kyrktu kyrkta kyrktu kyrktu kyrktu

Derived terms

Norwegian Nynorsk

Alternative forms

Etymology 1

From Old Norse kirkja, kyrkja, from Old English cirice, from Proto-West Germanic *kirikā, from Byzantine Greek κυριακόν (δόμα) (kuriakón (dóma), “Lord's (house)”), from Ancient Greek κύριος (kúrios, “lord”).

Pronunciation

Noun

kyrkja f (definite singular kyrkja, indefinite plural kyrkjer or kyrkjor, definite plural kyrkjene or kyrkjone)

  1. a church ((pre-2012) alternative form of kyrkje)

Noun

kyrkja f sg

  1. definite feminine singular of kyrkje

Etymology 2

From Old Norse kyrkja, from Proto-Germanic *kwirkijaną.

Alternative forms

Verb

kyrkja (present tense kyrkjer, past tense kyrkte, past participle kyrkt, passive infinitive kyrkjast, present participle kyrkjande, imperative kyrk)

  1. (transitive) to strangle
Related terms

References

Old Norse

Etymology 1

From Proto-Germanic *kwirkijaną (“to strangle”).

Alternative forms

Verb

kyrkja (singular past indicative kyrkti, plural past indicative kyrktu, past participle kyrktr)

  1. (transitive) to choke, strangle
Conjugation
Conjugation of kyrkja — active (weak class 1)
infinitive kyrkja
present participle kyrkjandi
past participle kyrktr
indicative present past
1st-person singular kyrki kyrkta
2nd-person singular kyrkir kyrktir
3rd-person singular kyrkir kyrkti
1st-person plural kyrkjum kyrktum
2nd-person plural kyrkið kyrktuð
3rd-person plural kyrkja kyrktu
subjunctive present past
1st-person singular kyrkja kyrkta
2nd-person singular kyrkir kyrktir
3rd-person singular kyrki kyrkti
1st-person plural kyrkim kyrktim
2nd-person plural kyrkið kyrktið
3rd-person plural kyrki kyrkti
imperative present
2nd-person singular kyrk, kyrki
1st-person plural kyrkjum
2nd-person plural kyrkið
Conjugation of kyrkja — mediopassive (weak class 1)
infinitive kyrkjask
present participle kyrkjandisk
past participle kyrzk
indicative present past
1st-person singular kyrkjumk kyrktumk
2nd-person singular kyrkisk kyrktisk
3rd-person singular kyrkisk kyrktisk
1st-person plural kyrkjumsk kyrktumsk
2nd-person plural kyrkizk kyrktuzk
3rd-person plural kyrkjask kyrktusk
subjunctive present past
1st-person singular kyrkjumk kyrktumk
2nd-person singular kyrkisk kyrktisk
3rd-person singular kyrkisk kyrktisk
1st-person plural kyrkimsk kyrktimsk
2nd-person plural kyrkizk kyrktizk
3rd-person plural kyrkisk kyrktisk
imperative present
2nd-person singular kyrksk, kyrkisk
1st-person plural kyrkjumsk
2nd-person plural kyrkizk
Related terms
Descendants

Etymology 2

Noun

kyrkja f (genitive kyrkju)

  1. Alternative form of kirkja
Declension
  Declension of kyrkja (weak jōn-stem)
feminine singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative kyrkja kyrkjan kyrkjur kyrkjurnar
accusative kyrkju kyrkjuna kyrkjur kyrkjurnar
dative kyrkju kyrkjunni kyrkjum kyrkjunum
genitive kyrkju kyrkjunnar kyrkja kyrkjanna

References

  • “kyrkja”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
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