kín

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See also: Appendix:Variations of "kin"

Hokkien

For pronunciation and definitions of kín – see 緊 (“quick; rapid; quickly”).
(This term is the pe̍h-ōe-jī form of 緊).

Hungarian

Etymology

From a Turkic language. Compare Chuvash хӗн (hĕn).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key):
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -iːn

Noun

kín (plural kínok)

  1. (literary) (intensive) pain, suffering
    Synonyms: fájdalom, gyötrelem, szenvedés, kínszenvedés

Declension

Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony)
singular plural
nominative kín kínok
accusative kínt kínokat
dative kínnak kínoknak
instrumental kínnal kínokkal
causal-final kínért kínokért
translative kínná kínokká
terminative kínig kínokig
essive-formal kínként kínokként
essive-modal — —
inessive kínban kínokban
superessive kínon kínokon
adessive kínnál kínoknál
illative kínba kínokba
sublative kínra kínokra
allative kínhoz kínokhoz
elative kínból kínokból
delative kínról kínokról
ablative kíntól kínoktól
non-attributive
possessive - singular 		kíné kínoké
non-attributive
possessive - plural 		kínéi kínokéi
Possessive forms of kín
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. kínom kínjaim
2nd person sing. kínod kínjaid
3rd person sing. kínja kínjai
1st person plural kínunk kínjaink
2nd person plural kínotok kínjaitok
3rd person plural kínjuk kínjaik

Derived terms

Compound words

Descendants

  • → Romanian: chin

Further reading

  • kín in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (“The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language”, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN

Vietnamese

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

Non-Sino-Vietnamese reading of Chinese 緊 (SV: khẩn). Compare Shan ၵိၼ်း (kín, “narrow, constricted”).

For some examples of ‹i› in vernacular loans versus ‹â› in standard Sino-Vietnamese, see also phím, kịp, tim, nhịn.

Adjective

kín • (謹, 𡫨)

  1. closed; covered; sealed; enclosed
  2. secret; private
Derived terms

Etymology 2

Verb

kín • (謹)

  1. (Northern Vietnam, possibly obsolete) to fetch; to go get
    • 1941, Nam Cao, Chí Phèo:
      Chiều hôm ấy thị Nở cũng ra sông kín nước như mọi chiều.
      That afternoon, as always, Nở went to the river to fetch some water.
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