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Vietnamese
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
Noun
kẻ • (仉, 几, 古, 計)
- (derogatory) individual, person, man; specifically, put before a verb/adjective to mean a specific type of people
- 1923, Hồ Biểu Chánh, Tỉnh mộng, Đức Lưu Phương, chapter 6
Bấy lâu nay tôi oán nhơn-tình thế-thái lắm, trông có dịp mà chỉ cho họ thấy rõ-ràng rằng kẻ giàu sang thường hay làm quấy hơn người nghèo hèn, mà lại bọn nghèo hèn chẳng phải là "quân khốn-nạn" hết thảy đâu, mà còn nhiều lúc làm lợi ích cho xã-hội lắm.- So long have I resented people's morals; they witness occasions that clearly show them that the rich and noble often cause more trouble than the poor and humble, and that these poor and humble are not all a "band of depravity", but that they often benefit society a lot.
- kẻ ám sát ― assassin
- kẻ giết người ― murderer
- kẻ cắp ― thief
- kẻ cướp ― robber
- kẻ trộm ― thief
- (archaic, informal) Indicates a country or a region
Em là con gái kẻ Đằng,
Bên Tề, bên Sở, biết rằng theo ai?- I am a woman of the Teng country,
Qi or Chu, who should I follow?
— Unknown[nb 1]
Usage notes
The word kẻ has pejorative connotations, người is more neutral, while vị is lofty. Kẻ can thus be used with adjectives that ordinarily would be considered carrying a positive meaning to signal the fact that the speaker or writer does not highly respect the person or people thus described, such as:
- kẻ giàu có ― rich guy
Notes
- ^ This may be an allusion to a bigamist or a woman being forced to marry one of two people
Etymology 2
Compare Mon ကေဟ် (“to write with a stylus”).
Verb
kẻ
- to draw a line