lélek

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See also: lelek

Hungarian

Etymology

From Proto-Finno-Ugric *lewle (“breath, soul”) + -k (diminutive suffix). Compare Finnish löyly (“spirit”, obsolete) and Hungarian lélegzik (“to breathe”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key):
  • Audio(file)
  • Hyphenation: lé‧lek
  • Rhymes: -ɛk

Noun

lélek (plural lelkek)

  1. soul (spirit of a person thought to consist of one's thoughts and personality)
    • 1844, Sándor Petőfi, Az alföld‎, lines 7–8:
      Börtönéből szabadúlt sas lelkem, / Ha a rónák végtelenjét látom.
      My eagle soul breaks free from its prison / When I see the endless plains.
  2. soul (person, especially as one among many)
    A város 120.000 lelket számlál. ― The city counts a population of 120,000 souls.
    Egy árva lélek sem maradt az egész épületben. ― There wasn't a single soul left in the entire building.
  3. sound post (wooden rod located inside the body of a violin-family instrument)

Declension

Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony)
singular plural
nominative lélek lelkek
accusative lelket lelkeket
dative léleknek lelkeknek
instrumental lélekkel lelkekkel
causal-final lélekért lelkekért
translative lélekké lelkekké
terminative lélekig lelkekig
essive-formal lélekként lelkekként
essive-modal — —
inessive lélekben lelkekben
superessive lelken lelkeken
adessive léleknél lelkeknél
illative lélekbe lelkekbe
sublative lélekre lelkekre
allative lélekhez lelkekhez
elative lélekből lelkekből
delative lélekről lelkekről
ablative lélektől lelkektől
non-attributive
possessive - singular 		léleké lelkeké
non-attributive
possessive - plural 		lélekéi lelkekéi
Possessive forms of lélek
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. lelkem lelkeim
2nd person sing. lelked lelkeid
3rd person sing. lelke lelkei
1st person plural lelkünk lelkeink
2nd person plural lelketek lelkeitek
3rd person plural lelkük lelkeik

Derived terms

Compound words
Expressions

Related terms

References

  1. ^ Entry #483 in Uralonet, online Uralic etymological database of the Hungarian Research Centre for Linguistics.
  2. ^ lélek in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)

Further reading

  • lélek in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
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