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Irish
Etymology
From Old Irish labraithir.
Pronunciation
Verb
labhair (present analytic labhraíonn, future analytic labhróidh, verbal noun labhairt, past participle labhartha)
- speak
Conjugation
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singular
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plural
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relative
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autonomous
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first
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second
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third
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first
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second
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third
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indicative
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present
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labhraím
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labhraíonn tú; labhraír†
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labhraíonn sé, sí
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labhraímid; labhraíonn muid
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labhraíonn sibh
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labhraíonn siad; labhraíd†
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a labhraíonn; a labhraíos
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labhraítear
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past
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labhair mé; labhraíos
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labhair tú; labhraís
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labhair sé, sí
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labhraíomar; labhair muid
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labhair sibh; labhraíobhair
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labhair siad; labhraíodar
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a labhair / ar labhair*
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labhraíodh
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past habitual
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labhraínn
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labhraíteá
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labhraíodh sé, sí
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labhraímis; labhraíodh muid
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labhraíodh sibh
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labhraídís; labhraíodh siad
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a labhraíodh / a labhraíodh*
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labhraítí
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future
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labhróidh mé; labhród; labhróchaidh mé†
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labhróidh tú; labhróir†; labhróchaidh tú†
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labhróidh sé, sí; labhróchaidh sé, sí†
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labhróimid; labhróidh muid; labhróchaimid†; labhróchaidh muid†
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labhróidh sibh; labhróchaidh sibh†
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labhróidh siad; labhróid†; labhróchaidh siad†
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a labhróidh; a labhrós; a labhróchaidh†; a labhróchas†
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labhrófar; labhróchar†
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conditional
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labhróinn; labhróchainn†
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labhrófá; labhróchthá†
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labhródh sé, sí; labhróchadh sé, sí†
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labhróimis; labhródh muid; labhróchaimis†; labhróchadh muid†
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labhródh sibh; labhróchadh sibh†
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labhróidís; labhródh siad; labhróchadh siad†
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a labhródh; a labhróchadh† / a labhródh*; a labhróchadh*†
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labhrófaí; labhróchthaí†
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subjunctive
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present
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go labhraí mé; go labhraíod†
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go labhraí tú; go labhraír†
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go labhraí sé, sí
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go labhraímid; go labhraí muid
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go labhraí sibh
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go labhraí siad; go labhraíd†
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—
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go labhraítear
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past
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dá labhraínn
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dá labhraíteá
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dá labhraíodh sé, sí
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dá labhraímis; dá labhraíodh muid
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dá labhraíodh sibh
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dá labhraídís; dá labhraíodh siad
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—
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dá labhraítí
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imperative
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labhraím
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labhair
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labhraíodh sé, sí
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labhraímis
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labhraígí; labhraídh†
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labhraídís
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—
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labhraítear
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verbal noun
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labhairt
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past participle
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labhartha
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* indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
Also inflected as a first-conjugation verb in dialects:
*indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
Also with slender rf in the future and conditional: labhairfidh, labhairfeadh etc.
Also without syncope and with slender r:
*indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
Also without syncope and with broad r:
*indirect relative
† archaic or dialect form
In the archaic language, with infixed eo in the future and conditional: laibheoraidh, laibheoradh etc.
Further reading
- “labhair”, in Historical Irish Corpus, 1600–1926, Royal Irish Academy
- G. Toner, M. Ní Mhaonaigh, S. Arbuthnot, D. Wodtko, M.-L. Theuerkauf, editors (2019), “labraithir”, in eDIL: Electronic Dictionary of the Irish Language
- Dinneen, Patrick S. (1904) “laḃraim”, in Foclóir Gaeḋilge agus Béarla, 1st edition, Dublin: Irish Texts Society, page 412
- Ó Dónaill, Niall (1977) “labhair”, in Foclóir Gaeilge–Béarla, Dublin: An Gúm, →ISBN
- Quiggin, E. C. (1906) A Dialect of Donegal, Cambridge University Press, page 81