Inherited from Proto-Finnic *langët'ak. Related to Finnish langeta (“to sin; to fall”).
langema (da-infinitive langeda)
| indicative | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | langen | ei lange | 1st sing. | olen langenud | ei ole langenud pole langenud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | langed | 2nd sing. | oled langenud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | langeb | 3rd sing. | on langenud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | langeme | 1st plur. | oleme langenud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | langete | 2nd plur. | olete langenud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | langevad | 3rd plur. | on langenud | ||||||
| impersonal | langetakse | ei langeta | impersonal | on langetud | ei ole langetud pole langetud | ||||
| past | pluperfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | langesin | ei langenud | 1st sing. | olin langenud | ei olnud langenud polnud langenud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | langesid | 2nd sing. | olid langenud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | langes | 3rd sing. | oli langenud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | langesime | 1st plur. | olime langenud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | langesite | 2nd plur. | olite langenud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | langesid | 3rd plur. | oli langenud | ||||||
| impersonal | langeti | ei langetud | impersonal | oli langetud | ei olnud langetud polnud langetud | ||||
| conditional | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | langeksin | ei langeks | 1st sing. | langenuksin oleksin langenud |
ei langenuks ei oleks langenud poleks langenud | ||||
| 2nd sing. | langeksid | 2nd sing. | langenuksid oleksid langenud | ||||||
| 3rd sing. | langeks | 3rd sing. | langenuks oleks langenud | ||||||
| 1st plur. | langeksime | 1st plur. | langenuksime oleksime langenud | ||||||
| 2nd plur. | langeksite | 2nd plur. | langenuksite oleksite langenud | ||||||
| 3rd plur. | langeksid | 3rd plur. | langenuksid oleksid langenud | ||||||
| impersonal | langetaks | ei langetaks | impersonal | oleks langetud | ei oleks langetud poleks langetud | ||||
| imperative | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||
| 2nd sing. | lange | ära lange | 2nd sing. | ole langenud | ära ole langenud | ||||
| 3rd sing. | langegu | ärgu langegu | 3rd sing. | olgu langenud | ärgu olgu langenud | ||||
| 1st plur. | langegem | ärme langeme ärme lange ärgem langegem |
1st plur. | olgem langenud | ärme oleme langenud ärme ole langenud ärgem olgem langenud | ||||
| 2nd plur. | langege | ärge langege | 2nd plur. | olge langenud | ärge olge langenud | ||||
| 3rd plur. | langegu | ärgu langegu | 3rd plur. | olgu langenud | ärgu olgu langenud | ||||
| impersonal | langetagu | ärgu langetagu | impersonal | olgu langetud | ärgu olgu langetud | ||||
| quotative | |||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||
| voice | positive | negative | voice | positive | negative | ||||
| active | langevat | ei langevat | active | olevat langenud | ei olevat langenud polevat langenud | ||||
| passive | langetavat | ei langetavat | passive | olevat langetud | ei olevat langetud polevat langetud | ||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||
| ma-infinitive | active | passive | da-infinitive | present | past | ||||
| nominative | langema | langetama | nominative | langeda | olla langenud | ||||
| illative | — | inessive | langedes | olles langenud | |||||
| inessive | langemas | participle | active | passive | |||||
| elative | langemast | present | langev | langetav | |||||
| translative | langemaks | past | langenud | langetud | |||||
| abessive | langemata | negative | langematu | — | |||||