langueo

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Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *sl̥né(h₁)g-ti ~ *sln̥(h₁)génti, from *(s)leg-, *(s)leh₁g- (“to weaken”). Cognate with English slack.[1]

Pronunciation

Verb

langueō (present infinitive languēre); second conjugation, no perfect or supine stems

  1. to be faint, weak
    Synonyms: languēscō, ēlanguēscō, senēscō
    Antonym: valeō
  2. (figuratively) to be inactive, listless, idle
    Synonyms: dēsideō, vacō, iaceo, resideō, cessō, sileō, conquiēscō

Conjugation

   Conjugation of langueō (second conjugation, no supine stem, no perfect stem)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present langueō languēs languet languēmus languētis languent
imperfect languēbam languēbās languēbat languēbāmus languēbātis languēbant
future languēbō languēbis languēbit languēbimus languēbitis languēbunt
passive present langueor languēris,
languēre 		languētur languēmur languēminī languentur
imperfect languēbar languēbāris,
languēbāre 		languēbātur languēbāmur languēbāminī languēbantur
future languēbor languēberis,
languēbere 		languēbitur languēbimur languēbiminī languēbuntur
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present langueam langueās langueat langueāmus langueātis langueant
imperfect languērem languērēs languēret languērēmus languērētis languērent
passive present languear langueāris,
langueāre 		langueātur langueāmur langueāminī langueantur
imperfect languērer languērēris,
languērēre 		languērētur languērēmur languērēminī languērentur
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present — languē — — languēte —
future — languētō languētō — languētōte languentō
passive present — languēre — — languēminī —
future — languētor languētor — — languentor
non-finite forms active passive
present perfect future present perfect future
infinitives languēre — — languērī — —
participles languēns — — — — languendus
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
languendī languendō languendum languendō — —

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Late Latin: languiō (see there for further descendants)
  • →? Albanian: lëngoj

References

  1. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “langueō”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 325

Further reading

  • “langueo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “langueo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • langueo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
    • (ambiguous) to grow slack with inactivity, stagnate: (in) otio languere et hebescere
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