languir

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French

Etymology

Inherited from Old French languir, from Late Latin languīre, from Latin languēre.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /lɑ̃.ɡiʁ/
  • Audio:(file)

Verb

languir

  1. (intransitive) to languish
  2. (intransitive) to lie torpid
  3. (intransitive) to flag, die down, slack off, be slack
  4. (intransitive) to wither, weaken
  5. (reflexive, with de) to long, pine, or yearn (for)

Conjugation

This is a regular verb of the second conjugation, like finir, choisir, and most other verbs with infinitives ending in -ir. One salient feature of this conjugation is the repeated appearance of the infix -iss-.

Conjugation of languir (see also Appendix:French verbs)
infinitive simple languir
compound avoir + past participle
present participle or gerund1 simple languissant
/lɑ̃.ɡi.sɑ̃/
compound ayant + past participle
past participle langui
/lɑ̃.ɡi/
singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative je (j’) tu il, elle, on nous vous ils, elles
(simple
tenses) 		present languis
/lɑ̃.ɡi/ 		languis
/lɑ̃.ɡi/ 		languit
/lɑ̃.ɡi/ 		languissons
/lɑ̃.ɡi.sɔ̃/ 		languissez
/lɑ̃.ɡi.se/ 		languissent
/lɑ̃.ɡis/
imperfect languissais
/lɑ̃.ɡi.sɛ/ 		languissais
/lɑ̃.ɡi.sɛ/ 		languissait
/lɑ̃.ɡi.sɛ/ 		languissions
/lɑ̃.ɡi.sjɔ̃/ 		languissiez
/lɑ̃.ɡi.sje/ 		languissaient
/lɑ̃.ɡi.sɛ/
past historic2 languis
/lɑ̃.ɡi/ 		languis
/lɑ̃.ɡi/ 		languit
/lɑ̃.ɡi/ 		languîmes
/lɑ̃.ɡim/ 		languîtes
/lɑ̃.ɡit/ 		languirent
/lɑ̃.ɡiʁ/
future languirai
/lɑ̃.ɡi.ʁe/ 		languiras
/lɑ̃.ɡi.ʁa/ 		languira
/lɑ̃.ɡi.ʁa/ 		languirons
/lɑ̃.ɡi.ʁɔ̃/ 		languirez
/lɑ̃.ɡi.ʁe/ 		languiront
/lɑ̃.ɡi.ʁɔ̃/
conditional languirais
/lɑ̃.ɡi.ʁɛ/ 		languirais
/lɑ̃.ɡi.ʁɛ/ 		languirait
/lɑ̃.ɡi.ʁɛ/ 		languirions
/lɑ̃.ɡi.ʁjɔ̃/ 		languiriez
/lɑ̃.ɡi.ʁje/ 		languiraient
/lɑ̃.ɡi.ʁɛ/
(compound
tenses) 		present perfect present indicative of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle
past anterior2 past historic of avoir + past participle
future perfect future of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que je (j’) que tu qu’il, qu’elle que nous que vous qu’ils, qu’elles
(simple
tenses) 		present languisse
/lɑ̃.ɡis/ 		languisses
/lɑ̃.ɡis/ 		languisse
/lɑ̃.ɡis/ 		languissions
/lɑ̃.ɡi.sjɔ̃/ 		languissiez
/lɑ̃.ɡi.sje/ 		languissent
/lɑ̃.ɡis/
imperfect2 languisse
/lɑ̃.ɡis/ 		languisses
/lɑ̃.ɡis/ 		languît
/lɑ̃.ɡi/ 		languissions
/lɑ̃.ɡi.sjɔ̃/ 		languissiez
/lɑ̃.ɡi.sje/ 		languissent
/lɑ̃.ɡis/
(compound
tenses) 		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect2 imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nous vous –
simple — languis
/lɑ̃.ɡi/ 		— languissons
/lɑ̃.ɡi.sɔ̃/ 		languissez
/lɑ̃.ɡi.se/ 		—
compound — simple imperative of avoir + past participle — simple imperative of avoir + past participle simple imperative of avoir + past participle —
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en.
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
  • past historic → present perfect
  • past anterior → pluperfect
  • imperfect subjunctive → present subjunctive
  • pluperfect subjunctive → past subjunctive

(Christopher Kendris , Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81).

Further reading

Old French

Etymology

From Late Latin languīre, from Latin languēre.

Verb

languir

  1. to suffer a long, distressing illness

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a second-group verb (ending in -ir, with an -iss- infix). Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

    Conjugation of languir (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
simple compound
infinitive languir avoir langui
gerund en languissant gerund of avoir + past participle
present participle languissant
past participle langui
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative jo tu il nos vos il
simple
tenses 		present languis languis languist languissons languissez languissent
imperfect languissoie, languisseie languissoies, languisseies languissoit, languisseit languissiiens, languissiens languissiiez, languissiez languissoient, languisseient
preterite langui languis langui languimes languistes languirent
future languirai languiras languira languirons languiroiz, languireiz, languirez languiront
conditional languiroie, languireie languiroies, languireies languiroit, languireit languiriiens, languiriens languiriiez, languiriez languiroient, languireient
compound
tenses 		present perfect present tense of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect tense of avoir + past participle
past anterior preterite tense of avoir + past participle
future perfect future tense of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional tense of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que jo que tu qu’il que nos que vos qu’il
simple
tenses 		present languisse languisses languisse languissons languissez languissent
imperfect languisse languisses languist languissons, languissiens languissoiz, languissez, languissiez languissent
compound
tenses 		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nos vos –
— languis — languissons languissez —

Descendants

  • French: languir
  • → Middle English: languysshen

References

Wikious
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Sagapedia