ler

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See also: LER, lèr, lêr, and -ler

Danish

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From Old Norse leir, from Proto-Germanic *laizą, cognate with Norwegian leir, Swedish ler. Probably from the Indo-European root *h₂leyH- (to smear).

Noun

ler n (singular definite leret, not used in plural form)

  1. clay
Declension
See also

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Verb

ler

  1. present tense of le

Galician

Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese leer, from Latin legere. Compare Portuguese ler.

Pronunciation

Verb

ler (first-person singular present leo, first-person singular preterite lín, past participle lido)
ler (first-person singular present leio, first-person singular preterite lim or li, past participle lido, reintegrationist norm)

  1. to read

Conjugation

References

Japanese

Etymology

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “whence r?”)

Pronunciation

Suffix

ler(ラー) (-rā

  1. Alternative form of er (ā)

Derived terms

Mirandese

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Latin legere.

Verb

ler

  1. to read

Norwegian Bokmål

Pronunciation

Verb

ler

  1. present of le

Norwegian Nynorsk

Verb

ler

  1. present of le

Old Galician-Portuguese

Alternative forms

  • lez (likely a misspelling)

Etymology

Unknown. Likely from Proto-Celtic *liros.

Pronunciation

Noun

ler m (plural lers)

  1. sea, beach, shore

Usage notes

  • Do not confuse with leer (to read).

Old Irish

Etymology

From Proto-Celtic *liros, either borrowed from an unknown substrate language or from Proto-Indo-European *leyH-.[1] Cognate with Welsh llŷr.

Pronunciation

Noun

ler m or n (genitive lir)

  1. (masculine) sea, ocean
  2. (neuter) a lot, multitude, large number

Inflection

As a masculine noun meaning "sea, ocean":

Masculine o-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative ler lerL lirL
Vocative lir lerL liruH
Accusative lerN lerL liruH
Genitive lirL ler lerN
Dative liurL leraib leraib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

As a neuter noun meaning "a lot, large number, multitude":

Neuter o-stem
Singular Dual Plural
Nominative lerN lerN lerL, lera
Vocative lerN lerN lerL, lera
Accusative lerN lerN lerL, lera
Genitive lirL ler lerN
Dative liurL leraib leraib
Initial mutations of a following adjective:
  • H = triggers aspiration
  • L = triggers lenition
  • N = triggers nasalization

Descendants

  • Irish: lear
  • Scottish Gaelic: lear

Mutation

Old Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Nasalization
ler
also ller after a proclitic
ending in a vowel
ler
pronounced with /l(ʲ)-/
unchanged
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

  1. ^ Matasović, Ranko (2009) “*liro-”, in Etymological Dictionary of Proto-Celtic (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →ISBN, page 241

Further reading

Portuguese

Etymology

Inherited from Old Galician-Portuguese leer, from Latin legere (to read). Compare Galician ler and Spanish leer.

Pronunciation

 
 

Verb

ler (first-person singular present leio, first-person singular preterite li, past participle lido)

  1. to read (to look at and interpret written information)
  2. to read (to speak aloud written information)
  3. (computing) to read (to fetch data from)
  4. (reflexive, of text) to read (to be interpreted or read in a particular way)

Conjugation

Quotations

For quotations using this term, see Citations:ler.

Derived terms

Descendants

  • Macanese:
  • Makalero: leh (to read)

Romansch

Etymology 1

From Latin legō, legere.

Verb

ler

  1. (Puter) to read
Alternative forms

Etymology 2

Verb

ler

  1. (Sutsilvan) Alternative form of vuler

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

From German leer.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /lêːr/
  • Hyphenation: ler

Noun

lȇr m (Cyrillic spelling ле̑р)

  1. (regional, automotive) neutral

Declension

References

  • ler”, in Hrvatski jezični portal [Croatian language portal] (in Serbo-Croatian), 2006–2024

Swedish

Noun

ler c

  1. clay; Contraction of lera., in the expression ler och långhalm

Verb

ler

  1. present indicative of le

Anagrams