lier
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See also: Lier
English
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
From Middle English lier, equivalent to lie + -er. Compare ligger, lidger, ledger.
Noun
lier (plural liers)
- A person or thing that lies, in the sense of being horizontal.
- A lie-abed; one who stays in bed late.
Etymology 2
See the main lemma.
Noun
lier (plural liers)
Anagrams
Dutch
Etymology
From Middle Dutch liere, from Latin lyra, from Ancient Greek λύρα (lúra).
Pronunciation
Noun
lier f (plural lieren, diminutive liertje n)
Derived terms
French
Etymology
Inherited from Old French lier, from Latin ligāre, from Proto-Indo-European *leyǵ- (“to bind”).
Pronunciation
Verb
lier
Conjugation
Conjugation of lier (see also Appendix:French verbs)
| infinitive | simple | lier | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | liant /ljɑ̃/ or /li.ɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | lié /lje/ or /li.e/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | lie /li/ |
lies /li/ |
lie /li/ |
lions /ljɔ̃/ or /li.ɔ̃/ |
liez /lje/ or /li.e/ |
lient /li/ |
| imperfect | liais /ljɛ/ or /li.ɛ/ |
liais /ljɛ/ or /li.ɛ/ |
liait /ljɛ/ or /li.ɛ/ |
liions /li.jɔ̃/ |
liiez /li.je/ |
liaient /ljɛ/ or /li.ɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | liai /lje/ or /li.e/ |
lias /lja/ or /li.a/ |
lia /lja/ or /li.a/ |
liâmes /ljam/ or /li.am/ |
liâtes /ljat/ or /li.at/ |
lièrent /ljɛʁ/ or /li.ɛʁ/ | |
| future | lierai /li.ʁe/ or /li.ə.ʁe/ |
lieras /li.ʁa/ or /li.ə.ʁa/ |
liera /li.ʁa/ or /li.ə.ʁa/ |
lierons /li.ʁɔ̃/ or /li.ə.ʁɔ̃/ |
lierez /li.ʁe/ or /li.ə.ʁe/ |
lieront /li.ʁɔ̃/ or /li.ə.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | lierais /li.ʁɛ/ or /li.ə.ʁɛ/ |
lierais /li.ʁɛ/ or /li.ə.ʁɛ/ |
lierait /li.ʁɛ/ or /li.ə.ʁɛ/ |
lierions /li.ʁjɔ̃/ or /li.ə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
lieriez /li.ʁje/ or /li.ə.ʁje/ |
lieraient /li.ʁɛ/ or /li.ə.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | lie /li/ |
lies /li/ |
lie /li/ |
liions /li.jɔ̃/ |
liiez /li.je/ |
lient /li/ |
| imperfect2 | liasse /ljas/ or /li.as/ |
liasses /ljas/ or /li.as/ |
liât /lja/ or /li.a/ |
liassions /lja.sjɔ̃/ or /li.a.sjɔ̃/ |
liassiez /lja.sje/ or /li.a.sje/ |
liassent /ljas/ or /li.as/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | lie /li/ |
— | lions /ljɔ̃/ or /li.ɔ̃/ |
liez /lje/ or /li.e/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris , Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
Derived terms
Related terms
Descendants
- → German: liieren
Further reading
- “lier”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé , 2012.
Anagrams
Latin
Verb
līer
Norwegian Nynorsk
Alternative forms
Noun
lier f
- indefinite plural of li
Anagrams
Old French
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Latin ligāre, present active infinitive of ligō.
Verb
lier
Conjugation
This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
Conjugation of lier (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | lier | avoir lïé | |||||
| gerund | en liant | gerund of avoir + past participle | |||||
| present participle | liant | ||||||
| past participle | lïé | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
| simple tenses |
present | li | lïes | lïe | lions | lïez | lïent |
| imperfect | lioie, lïeie, lioe, lïeve | lioies, lïeies, lioes, lïeves | lioit, lïeit, liot, lïeve | liiiens, liiens | liiiez, liiez | lioient, lïeient, lioent, lïevent | |
| preterite | liai | lias | lia | liames | liastes | lïerent | |
| future | lïerai | lïeras | lïera | lïerons | lïeroiz, lïereiz, lïerez | lïeront | |
| conditional | lïeroie, lïereie | lïeroies, lïereies | lïeroit, lïereit | lïeriiens, lïeriens | lïeriiez, lïeriez | lïeroient, lïereient | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | present tense of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | preterite tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
| simple tenses |
present | li | lis | lit | lions | lïez | lïent |
| imperfect | liasse | liasses | liast | liissons, liissiens | liissoiz, liissez, liissiez | liassent | |
| compound tenses |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
| — | lïe | — | lions | lïez | — | ||