lifna

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Old Norse

Etymology

From Proto-Germanic *lifnaną, *lifnōną. Cognates include Gothic *𐌻𐌹𐍆𐌽𐌰𐌽 (*lifnan).

Verb

lifna

  1. to be left
  2. to come to life
  3. to revive

Conjugation

Conjugation of lifna — active (weak class 2)
infinitive lifna
present participle lifnandi
past participle lifnaðr
indicative present past
1st-person singular lifna lifnaða
2nd-person singular lifnar lifnaðir
3rd-person singular lifnar lifnaði
1st-person plural lifnum lifnuðum
2nd-person plural lifnið lifnuðuð
3rd-person plural lifna lifnuðu
subjunctive present past
1st-person singular lifna lifnaða
2nd-person singular lifnir lifnaðir
3rd-person singular lifni lifnaði
1st-person plural lifnim lifnaðim
2nd-person plural lifnið lifnaðið
3rd-person plural lifni lifnaði
imperative present
2nd-person singular lifna
1st-person plural lifnum
2nd-person plural lifnið
Conjugation of lifna — mediopassive (weak class 2)
infinitive lifnask
present participle lifnandisk
past participle lifnazk
indicative present past
1st-person singular lifnumk lifnuðumk
2nd-person singular lifnask lifnaðisk
3rd-person singular lifnask lifnaðisk
1st-person plural lifnumsk lifnuðumsk
2nd-person plural lifnizk lifnuðuzk
3rd-person plural lifnask lifnuðusk
subjunctive present past
1st-person singular lifnumk lifnuðumk
2nd-person singular lifnisk lifnaðisk
3rd-person singular lifnisk lifnaðisk
1st-person plural lifnimsk lifnaðimsk
2nd-person plural lifnizk lifnaðizk
3rd-person plural lifnisk lifnaðisk
imperative present
2nd-person singular lifnask
1st-person plural lifnumsk
2nd-person plural lifnizk

Descendants

  • Icelandic: lifna (“to grow, strengthen”)
  • Norwegian Nynorsk: livna (“to come alive”), livne
  • Norwegian Bokmål: livne
  • Old Swedish: limna, lifna
  • Old Danish: leffnæ
    • Danish: levne (“to leave”)
      • → Norwegian Bokmål: levne

References

  • “lifna”, in Geir T. Zoëga (1910) A Concise Dictionary of Old Icelandic, Oxford: Clarendon Press
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