From Old Swedish liūdha, from Old Norse hljóða (“sound”), equivalent to ljud + -a.
ljuda (present ljuder, preterite ljöd, supine ljudit, imperative ljud)
Active | Passive | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Infinitive | ljuda | — | ||
Supine | ljudit | — | ||
Imperative | ljud | — | ||
Imper. plural1 | ljuden | — | ||
Present | Past | Present | Past | |
Indicative | ljuder | ljöd | — | — |
Ind. plural1 | ljuda | ljödo | — | — |
Subjunctive2 | ljude | ljöde | — | — |
Participles | ||||
Present participle | ljudande | |||
Past participle | ljuden | |||
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs. |
Semantic calque of English sounding, surface level ljud + -a
ljuda (present ljudar, preterite ljudade, supine ljudat, imperative ljuda)
Active | Passive | |||
---|---|---|---|---|
Infinitive | ljuda | ljudas | ||
Supine | ljudat | ljudats | ||
Imperative | ljuda | — | ||
Imper. plural1 | ljuden | — | ||
Present | Past | Present | Past | |
Indicative | ljudar | ljudade | ljudas | ljudades |
Ind. plural1 | ljuda | ljudade | ljudas | ljudades |
Subjunctive2 | ljude | ljudade | ljudes | ljudades |
Participles | ||||
Present participle | ljudande | |||
Past participle | ljudad | |||
1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs. |