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Czech
Etymology
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *lǫka.
Pronunciation
Noun
luka n pl
- Alternative form of louka (“meadow”)
Declension
Declension of luka (pl-only hard neuter (declined as feminine) irreg-stem)
|
plural
|
nominative
|
luka
|
genitive
|
luk
|
dative
|
lukám
|
accusative
|
luka
|
vocative
|
luka
|
locative
|
lukách
|
instrumental
|
lukami
|
Further reading
- “luka”, in Příruční slovník jazyka českého (in Czech), 1935–1957
- “luka”, in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (in Czech), 1960–1971, 1989
- “luka”, in Internetová jazyková příručka (in Czech)
Hungarian
Etymology
luk (“hole”) + -a (possessive suffix)
Pronunciation
Noun
luka
- Alternative form of lyuka, third-person singular single-possession possessive of luk
Declension
Indonesian
Etymology
Inherited from Malay luka, from Proto-Malayic *luka, from Proto-Malayo-Polynesian *luka, Proto-Austronesian *Nuka.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈlu.ka/
- Rhymes: -uka
- Hyphenation: lu‧ka
Noun
luka
- wound:
- An injury, such as a cut, stab, or tear, to a (usually external) part of the body.
- (figurative) A hurt to a person's feelings, reputation, prospects, etc.
Adjective
luka
- wounded:
- Suffering from a wound, especially one acquired in battle from a weapon, such as a gun or a knife.
- (figurative) Suffering from an emotional injury.
Hyponyms
Derived terms
References
- Blust, Robert; Trussel, Stephen; et al. (2023) “*Nuka”, in the CLDF dataset from The Austronesian Comparative Dictionary (2010–), →DOI
Luba-Kasai
Verb
luka
- to weave
Norwegian Bokmål
Noun
luka m or f
- definite feminine singular of luke
Norwegian Nynorsk
Noun
luka f
- definite singular of luke
Old Frisian
Etymology
From Proto-Germanic *lūkaną.
Verb
lūka
- to close, shut
Inflection
Conjugation of lūka (strong class 2)
Old Swedish
Etymology
From Old Norse lúka, from Proto-Germanic *lūkaną.
Verb
lūka
- to close, shut
Conjugation
Conjugation of lūka (strong)
|
present
|
past
|
infinitive
|
lūka
|
—
|
participle
|
lūkandi, lūkande
|
lukin
|
active voice
|
indicative
|
subjunctive
|
imperative
|
indicative
|
subjunctive
|
iæk
|
lūker
|
lūki, lūke
|
—
|
lø̄k
|
luki, luke
|
þū
|
lūker
|
lūki, lūke
|
lūk
|
lø̄kt
|
luki, luke
|
han
|
lūker
|
lūki, lūke
|
—
|
lø̄k
|
luki, luke
|
vīr
|
lūkum, lūkom
|
lūkum, lūkom
|
lūkum, lūkom
|
lukum, lukom
|
lukum, lukom
|
īr
|
lūkin
|
lūkin
|
lūkin
|
lukin
|
lukin
|
þēr
|
lūka
|
lūkin
|
—
|
luku, luko
|
lukin
|
mediopassive voice
|
indicative
|
subjunctive
|
imperative
|
indicative
|
subjunctive
|
iæk
|
lūks
|
lūkis, lūkes
|
—
|
lø̄ks
|
lukis, lukes
|
þū
|
lūks
|
lūkis, lūkes
|
—
|
lø̄kts
|
lukis, lukes
|
han
|
lūks
|
lūkis, lūkes
|
—
|
lø̄ks
|
lukis, lukes
|
vīr
|
lūkums, -oms
|
lūkums, lūkoms
|
—
|
lukums, lukoms
|
lukums, lukoms
|
īr
|
lūkins
|
lūkins
|
—
|
lukins
|
lukins
|
þēr
|
lūkas
|
lūkins
|
—
|
lukus, lukos
|
lukins
|
Oromo
Etymology
From Proto-Cushitic. Cognates include Burji lukka, Hadiyya lokko and Sidamo lekka.
Noun
luka
- leg
Polish
Etymology
Borrowed from German Lücke.[1] Aleksander Brückner believed that the term had come from Luke (“hatch”).[2]
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈlu.ka/
- Rhymes: -uka
- Syllabification: lu‧ka
Noun
luka f
- gap, blank
- wypełniać lukę ― to fill in the blank
- hatch
- Synonyms: luk m, właz m
- loophole, an exploitable "hole" in a system
Declension
References
Further reading
- luka in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
- luka in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Anagrams
Serbo-Croatian
Etymology 1
Inherited from Proto-Slavic *lǫka.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /lǔːka/
- Hyphenation: lu‧ka
Noun
lúka f (Cyrillic spelling лу́ка)
- harbor; harbour
- seaport
- port
Declension
Etymology 2
See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.
Noun
luka (Cyrillic spelling лука)
- genitive singular of luk
Slovene
Pronunciation
Noun
lúka f
- harbor; harbour
- seaport
- port
Inflection
Further reading
- “luka”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU (in Slovene), 2014–2024
Zulu
Etymology
From Proto-Bantu *-dʊ̀ka.
Verb
-luka
- (transitive) to plait
- (transitive) to weave
Inflection
Tone L
|
Infinitive
|
ukuluka
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
Infinitive
|
ukuluka
|
ukungaluki
|
|
Imperative
|
|
Simple
|
+ object concord
|
Singular
|
luka
|
-luke
|
Plural
|
lukani
|
-lukeni
|
|
Present
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyaluka, ngiluka
|
engilukayo, engiluka
|
ngiluka
|
angiluki
|
engingaluki
|
ngingaluki
|
2nd singular
|
uyaluka, uluka
|
olukayo, oluka
|
uluka
|
awuluki
|
ongaluki
|
ungaluki
|
1st plural
|
siyaluka, siluka
|
esilukayo, esiluka
|
siluka
|
asiluki
|
esingaluki
|
singaluki
|
2nd plural
|
niyaluka, niluka
|
enilukayo, eniluka
|
niluka
|
aniluki
|
eningaluki
|
ningaluki
|
Class 1
|
uyaluka, uluka
|
olukayo, oluka
|
eluka
|
akaluki
|
ongaluki
|
engaluki
|
Class 2
|
bayaluka, baluka
|
abalukayo, abaluka
|
beluka
|
abaluki
|
abangaluki
|
bengaluki
|
Class 3
|
uyaluka, uluka
|
olukayo, oluka
|
uluka
|
awuluki
|
ongaluki
|
ungaluki
|
Class 4
|
iyaluka, iluka
|
elukayo, eluka
|
iluka
|
ayiluki
|
engaluki
|
ingaluki
|
Class 5
|
liyaluka, liluka
|
elilukayo, eliluka
|
liluka
|
aliluki
|
elingaluki
|
lingaluki
|
Class 6
|
ayaluka, aluka
|
alukayo, aluka
|
eluka
|
awaluki
|
angaluki
|
engaluki
|
Class 7
|
siyaluka, siluka
|
esilukayo, esiluka
|
siluka
|
asiluki
|
esingaluki
|
singaluki
|
Class 8
|
ziyaluka, ziluka
|
ezilukayo, eziluka
|
ziluka
|
aziluki
|
ezingaluki
|
zingaluki
|
Class 9
|
iyaluka, iluka
|
elukayo, eluka
|
iluka
|
ayiluki
|
engaluki
|
ingaluki
|
Class 10
|
ziyaluka, ziluka
|
ezilukayo, eziluka
|
ziluka
|
aziluki
|
ezingaluki
|
zingaluki
|
Class 11
|
luyaluka, luluka
|
olulukayo, oluluka
|
luluka
|
aluluki
|
olungaluki
|
lungaluki
|
Class 14
|
buyaluka, buluka
|
obulukayo, obuluka
|
buluka
|
abuluki
|
obungaluki
|
bungaluki
|
Class 15
|
kuyaluka, kuluka
|
okulukayo, okuluka
|
kuluka
|
akuluki
|
okungaluki
|
kungaluki
|
Class 17
|
kuyaluka, kuluka
|
okulukayo, okuluka
|
kuluka
|
akuluki
|
okungaluki
|
kungaluki
|
|
Recent past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngilukile, ngilukē
|
engilukile, engilukē
|
ngilukile, ngilukē
|
angilukanga
|
engingalukanga
|
ngingalukanga
|
2nd singular
|
ulukile, ulukē
|
olukile, olukē
|
ulukile, ulukē
|
awulukanga
|
ongalukanga
|
ungalukanga
|
1st plural
|
silukile, silukē
|
esilukile, esilukē
|
silukile, silukē
|
asilukanga
|
esingalukanga
|
singalukanga
|
2nd plural
|
nilukile, nilukē
|
enilukile, enilukē
|
nilukile, nilukē
|
anilukanga
|
eningalukanga
|
ningalukanga
|
Class 1
|
ulukile, ulukē
|
olukile, olukē
|
elukile, elukē
|
akalukanga
|
ongalukanga
|
engalukanga
|
Class 2
|
balukile, balukē
|
abalukile, abalukē
|
belukile, belukē
|
abalukanga
|
abangalukanga
|
bengalukanga
|
Class 3
|
ulukile, ulukē
|
olukile, olukē
|
ulukile, ulukē
|
awulukanga
|
ongalukanga
|
ungalukanga
|
Class 4
|
ilukile, ilukē
|
elukile, elukē
|
ilukile, ilukē
|
ayilukanga
|
engalukanga
|
ingalukanga
|
Class 5
|
lilukile, lilukē
|
elilukile, elilukē
|
lilukile, lilukē
|
alilukanga
|
elingalukanga
|
lingalukanga
|
Class 6
|
alukile, alukē
|
alukile, alukē
|
elukile, elukē
|
awalukanga
|
angalukanga
|
engalukanga
|
Class 7
|
silukile, silukē
|
esilukile, esilukē
|
silukile, silukē
|
asilukanga
|
esingalukanga
|
singalukanga
|
Class 8
|
zilukile, zilukē
|
ezilukile, ezilukē
|
zilukile, zilukē
|
azilukanga
|
ezingalukanga
|
zingalukanga
|
Class 9
|
ilukile, ilukē
|
elukile, elukē
|
ilukile, ilukē
|
ayilukanga
|
engalukanga
|
ingalukanga
|
Class 10
|
zilukile, zilukē
|
ezilukile, ezilukē
|
zilukile, zilukē
|
azilukanga
|
ezingalukanga
|
zingalukanga
|
Class 11
|
lulukile, lulukē
|
olulukile, olulukē
|
lulukile, lulukē
|
alulukanga
|
olungalukanga
|
lungalukanga
|
Class 14
|
bulukile, bulukē
|
obulukile, obulukē
|
bulukile, bulukē
|
abulukanga
|
obungalukanga
|
bungalukanga
|
Class 15
|
kulukile, kulukē
|
okulukile, okulukē
|
kulukile, kulukē
|
akulukanga
|
okungalukanga
|
kungalukanga
|
Class 17
|
kulukile, kulukē
|
okulukile, okulukē
|
kulukile, kulukē
|
akulukanga
|
okungalukanga
|
kungalukanga
|
|
Remote past
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngāluka
|
engāluka
|
ngāluka
|
angilukanga
|
engingalukanga
|
ngingalukanga
|
2nd singular
|
wāluka
|
owāluka
|
wāluka
|
awulukanga
|
ongalukanga
|
ungalukanga
|
1st plural
|
sāluka
|
esāluka
|
sāluka
|
asilukanga
|
esingalukanga
|
singalukanga
|
2nd plural
|
nāluka
|
enāluka
|
nāluka
|
anilukanga
|
eningalukanga
|
ningalukanga
|
Class 1
|
wāluka
|
owāluka
|
āluka
|
akalukanga
|
ongalukanga
|
engalukanga
|
Class 2
|
bāluka
|
abāluka
|
bāluka
|
abalukanga
|
abangalukanga
|
bengalukanga
|
Class 3
|
wāluka
|
owāluka
|
wāluka
|
awulukanga
|
ongalukanga
|
ungalukanga
|
Class 4
|
yāluka
|
eyāluka
|
yāluka
|
ayilukanga
|
engalukanga
|
ingalukanga
|
Class 5
|
lāluka
|
elāluka
|
lāluka
|
alilukanga
|
elingalukanga
|
lingalukanga
|
Class 6
|
āluka
|
āluka
|
āluka
|
awalukanga
|
angalukanga
|
engalukanga
|
Class 7
|
sāluka
|
esāluka
|
sāluka
|
asilukanga
|
esingalukanga
|
singalukanga
|
Class 8
|
zāluka
|
ezāluka
|
zāluka
|
azilukanga
|
ezingalukanga
|
zingalukanga
|
Class 9
|
yāluka
|
eyāluka
|
yāluka
|
ayilukanga
|
engalukanga
|
ingalukanga
|
Class 10
|
zāluka
|
ezāluka
|
zāluka
|
azilukanga
|
ezingalukanga
|
zingalukanga
|
Class 11
|
lwāluka
|
olwāluka
|
lwāluka
|
alulukanga
|
olungalukanga
|
lungalukanga
|
Class 14
|
bāluka
|
obāluka
|
bāluka
|
abulukanga
|
obungalukanga
|
bungalukanga
|
Class 15
|
kwāluka
|
okwāluka
|
kwāluka
|
akulukanga
|
okungalukanga
|
kungalukanga
|
Class 17
|
kwāluka
|
okwāluka
|
kwāluka
|
akulukanga
|
okungalukanga
|
kungalukanga
|
|
Potential
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngingaluka
|
—
|
ngingaluka
|
ngingeluke
|
—
|
ngingeluke
|
2nd singular
|
ungaluka
|
—
|
ungaluka
|
ungeluke
|
—
|
ungeluke
|
1st plural
|
singaluka
|
—
|
singaluka
|
singeluke
|
—
|
singeluke
|
2nd plural
|
ningaluka
|
—
|
ningaluka
|
ningeluke
|
—
|
ningeluke
|
Class 1
|
angaluka
|
—
|
engaluka
|
angeluke
|
—
|
engeluke
|
Class 2
|
bangaluka
|
—
|
bengaluka
|
bangeluke
|
—
|
bengeluke
|
Class 3
|
ungaluka
|
—
|
ungaluka
|
ungeluke
|
—
|
ungeluke
|
Class 4
|
ingaluka
|
—
|
ingaluka
|
ingeluke
|
—
|
ingeluke
|
Class 5
|
lingaluka
|
—
|
lingaluka
|
lingeluke
|
—
|
lingeluke
|
Class 6
|
angaluka
|
—
|
engaluka
|
angeluke
|
—
|
engeluke
|
Class 7
|
singaluka
|
—
|
singaluka
|
singeluke
|
—
|
singeluke
|
Class 8
|
zingaluka
|
—
|
zingaluka
|
zingeluke
|
—
|
zingeluke
|
Class 9
|
ingaluka
|
—
|
ingaluka
|
ingeluke
|
—
|
ingeluke
|
Class 10
|
zingaluka
|
—
|
zingaluka
|
zingeluke
|
—
|
zingeluke
|
Class 11
|
lungaluka
|
—
|
lungaluka
|
lungeluke
|
—
|
lungeluke
|
Class 14
|
bungaluka
|
—
|
bungaluka
|
bungeluke
|
—
|
bungeluke
|
Class 15
|
kungaluka
|
—
|
kungaluka
|
kungeluke
|
—
|
kungeluke
|
Class 17
|
kungaluka
|
—
|
kungaluka
|
kungeluke
|
—
|
kungeluke
|
|
Immediate future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngizoluka
|
engizoluka
|
ngizoluka
|
angizuluka
|
engingezuluka
|
ngingezuluka
|
2nd singular
|
uzoluka
|
ozoluka
|
uzoluka
|
awuzuluka
|
ongezuluka
|
ungezuluka
|
1st plural
|
sizoluka
|
esizoluka
|
sizoluka
|
asizuluka
|
esingezuluka
|
singezuluka
|
2nd plural
|
nizoluka
|
enizoluka
|
nizoluka
|
anizuluka
|
eningezuluka
|
ningezuluka
|
Class 1
|
uzoluka
|
ozoluka
|
ezoluka
|
akazuluka
|
ongezuluka
|
engezuluka
|
Class 2
|
bazoluka
|
abazoluka
|
bezoluka
|
abazuluka
|
abangezuluka
|
bengezuluka
|
Class 3
|
uzoluka
|
ozoluka
|
uzoluka
|
awuzuluka
|
ongezuluka
|
ungezuluka
|
Class 4
|
izoluka
|
ezoluka
|
izoluka
|
ayizuluka
|
engezuluka
|
ingezuluka
|
Class 5
|
lizoluka
|
elizoluka
|
lizoluka
|
alizuluka
|
elingezuluka
|
lingezuluka
|
Class 6
|
azoluka
|
azoluka
|
ezoluka
|
awazuluka
|
angezuluka
|
engezuluka
|
Class 7
|
sizoluka
|
esizoluka
|
sizoluka
|
asizuluka
|
esingezuluka
|
singezuluka
|
Class 8
|
zizoluka
|
ezizoluka
|
zizoluka
|
azizuluka
|
ezingezuluka
|
zingezuluka
|
Class 9
|
izoluka
|
ezoluka
|
izoluka
|
ayizuluka
|
engezuluka
|
ingezuluka
|
Class 10
|
zizoluka
|
ezizoluka
|
zizoluka
|
azizuluka
|
ezingezuluka
|
zingezuluka
|
Class 11
|
luzoluka
|
oluzoluka
|
luzoluka
|
aluzuluka
|
olungezuluka
|
lungezuluka
|
Class 14
|
buzoluka
|
obuzoluka
|
buzoluka
|
abuzuluka
|
obungezuluka
|
bungezuluka
|
Class 15
|
kuzoluka
|
okuzoluka
|
kuzoluka
|
akuzuluka
|
okungezuluka
|
kungezuluka
|
Class 17
|
kuzoluka
|
okuzoluka
|
kuzoluka
|
akuzuluka
|
okungezuluka
|
kungezuluka
|
|
Remote future
|
|
Positive absolute
|
Positive relative
|
Positive participial
|
Negative absolute
|
Negative relative
|
Negative participial
|
1st singular
|
ngiyoluka
|
engiyoluka
|
ngiyoluka
|
angiyuluka
|
engingeyuluka
|
ngingeyuluka
|
2nd singular
|
uyoluka
|
oyoluka
|
uyoluka
|
awuyuluka
|
ongeyuluka
|
ungeyuluka
|
1st plural
|
siyoluka
|
esiyoluka
|
siyoluka
|
asiyuluka
|
esingeyuluka
|
singeyuluka
|
2nd plural
|
niyoluka
|
eniyoluka
|
niyoluka
|
aniyuluka
|
eningeyuluka
|
ningeyuluka
|
Class 1
|
uyoluka
|
oyoluka
|
eyoluka
|
akayuluka
|
ongeyuluka
|
engeyuluka
|
Class 2
|
bayoluka
|
abayoluka
|
beyoluka
|
abayuluka
|
abangeyuluka
|
bengeyuluka
|
Class 3
|
uyoluka
|
oyoluka
|
uyoluka
|
awuyuluka
|
ongeyuluka
|
ungeyuluka
|
Class 4
|
iyoluka
|
eyoluka
|
iyoluka
|
ayiyuluka
|
engeyuluka
|
ingeyuluka
|
Class 5
|
liyoluka
|
eliyoluka
|
liyoluka
|
aliyuluka
|
elingeyuluka
|
lingeyuluka
|
Class 6
|
ayoluka
|
ayoluka
|
eyoluka
|
awayuluka
|
angeyuluka
|
engeyuluka
|
Class 7
|
siyoluka
|
esiyoluka
|
siyoluka
|
asiyuluka
|
esingeyuluka
|
singeyuluka
|
Class 8
|
ziyoluka
|
eziyoluka
|
ziyoluka
|
aziyuluka
|
ezingeyuluka
|
zingeyuluka
|
Class 9
|
iyoluka
|
eyoluka
|
iyoluka
|
ayiyuluka
|
engeyuluka
|
ingeyuluka
|
Class 10
|
ziyoluka
|
eziyoluka
|
ziyoluka
|
aziyuluka
|
ezingeyuluka
|
zingeyuluka
|
Class 11
|
luyoluka
|
oluyoluka
|
luyoluka
|
aluyuluka
|
olungeyuluka
|
lungeyuluka
|
Class 14
|
buyoluka
|
obuyoluka
|
buyoluka
|
abuyuluka
|
obungeyuluka
|
bungeyuluka
|
Class 15
|
kuyoluka
|
okuyoluka
|
kuyoluka
|
akuyuluka
|
okungeyuluka
|
kungeyuluka
|
Class 17
|
kuyoluka
|
okuyoluka
|
kuyoluka
|
akuyuluka
|
okungeyuluka
|
kungeyuluka
|
|
Present subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngiluke
|
ngingaluki
|
2nd singular
|
uluke
|
ungaluki
|
1st plural
|
siluke
|
singaluki
|
2nd plural
|
niluke
|
ningaluki
|
Class 1
|
aluke
|
angaluki
|
Class 2
|
baluke
|
bangaluki
|
Class 3
|
uluke
|
ungaluki
|
Class 4
|
iluke
|
ingaluki
|
Class 5
|
liluke
|
lingaluki
|
Class 6
|
aluke
|
angaluki
|
Class 7
|
siluke
|
singaluki
|
Class 8
|
ziluke
|
zingaluki
|
Class 9
|
iluke
|
ingaluki
|
Class 10
|
ziluke
|
zingaluki
|
Class 11
|
luluke
|
lungaluki
|
Class 14
|
buluke
|
bungaluki
|
Class 15
|
kuluke
|
kungaluki
|
Class 17
|
kuluke
|
kungaluki
|
|
Past subjunctive
|
|
Positive
|
Negative
|
1st singular
|
ngaluka
|
ngangaluka, angaluka, angangaluka
|
2nd singular
|
waluka
|
wangaluka, awaluka, awangaluka
|
1st plural
|
saluka
|
sangaluka, asaluka, asangaluka
|
2nd plural
|
naluka
|
nangaluka, analuka, anangaluka
|
Class 1
|
waluka
|
wangaluka, akaluka, akangaluka
|
Class 2
|
baluka
|
bangaluka, abaluka, abangaluka
|
Class 3
|
waluka
|
wangaluka, awaluka, awangaluka
|
Class 4
|
yaluka
|
yangaluka, ayaluka, ayangaluka
|
Class 5
|
laluka
|
langaluka, alaluka, alangaluka
|
Class 6
|
aluka
|
angaluka, awaluka, awangaluka
|
Class 7
|
saluka
|
sangaluka, asaluka, asangaluka
|
Class 8
|
zaluka
|
zangaluka, azaluka, azangaluka
|
Class 9
|
yaluka
|
yangaluka, ayaluka, ayangaluka
|
Class 10
|
zaluka
|
zangaluka, azaluka, azangaluka
|
Class 11
|
lwaluka
|
lwangaluka, alwaluka, alwangaluka
|
Class 14
|
baluka
|
bangaluka, abaluka, abangaluka
|
Class 15
|
kwaluka
|
kwangaluka, akwaluka, akwangaluka
|
Class 17
|
kwaluka
|
kwangaluka, akwaluka, akwangaluka
|
References