lunastaa

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Finnish

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *lunastadak. Equivalent to lunas- +‎ -taa (for short n instead of nn, compare pakastaa); see lunnaat for the origin of the stem. Cognate with Estonian lunastama.

Pronunciation

Verb

lunastaa

  1. to reclaim (repossess, recover)
  2. to redeem (recover ownership; convert into cash)
  3. (religion) to redeem (save from a state of sin)
    Synonyms: vapahtaa, armahtaa
  4. to buy, reimburse, cash (to give something in exchange for something else)
  5. to fulfill (e.g. a promise)
  6. (insurance) to buy insured property that is damaged beyond economic repair (such as a totaled vehicle; done by the insurer)

Conjugation

Inflection of lunastaa (Kotus type 53/muistaa, no gradation)
indicative mood
present tense perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. lunastan en lunasta 1st sing. olen lunastanut en ole lunastanut
2nd sing. lunastat et lunasta 2nd sing. olet lunastanut et ole lunastanut
3rd sing. lunastaa ei lunasta 3rd sing. on lunastanut ei ole lunastanut
1st plur. lunastamme emme lunasta 1st plur. olemme lunastaneet emme ole lunastaneet
2nd plur. lunastatte ette lunasta 2nd plur. olette lunastaneet ette ole lunastaneet
3rd plur. lunastavat eivät lunasta 3rd plur. ovat lunastaneet eivät ole lunastaneet
passive lunastetaan ei lunasteta passive on lunastettu ei ole lunastettu
past tense pluperfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. lunastin en lunastanut 1st sing. olin lunastanut en ollut lunastanut
2nd sing. lunastit et lunastanut 2nd sing. olit lunastanut et ollut lunastanut
3rd sing. lunasti ei lunastanut 3rd sing. oli lunastanut ei ollut lunastanut
1st plur. lunastimme emme lunastaneet 1st plur. olimme lunastaneet emme olleet lunastaneet
2nd plur. lunastitte ette lunastaneet 2nd plur. olitte lunastaneet ette olleet lunastaneet
3rd plur. lunastivat eivät lunastaneet 3rd plur. olivat lunastaneet eivät olleet lunastaneet
passive lunastettiin ei lunastettu passive oli lunastettu ei ollut lunastettu
conditional mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. lunastaisin en lunastaisi 1st sing. olisin lunastanut en olisi lunastanut
2nd sing. lunastaisit et lunastaisi 2nd sing. olisit lunastanut et olisi lunastanut
3rd sing. lunastaisi ei lunastaisi 3rd sing. olisi lunastanut ei olisi lunastanut
1st plur. lunastaisimme emme lunastaisi 1st plur. olisimme lunastaneet emme olisi lunastaneet
2nd plur. lunastaisitte ette lunastaisi 2nd plur. olisitte lunastaneet ette olisi lunastaneet
3rd plur. lunastaisivat eivät lunastaisi 3rd plur. olisivat lunastaneet eivät olisi lunastaneet
passive lunastettaisiin ei lunastettaisi passive olisi lunastettu ei olisi lunastettu
imperative mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. — — 1st sing. — —
2nd sing. lunasta älä lunasta 2nd sing. — —
3rd sing. lunastakoon älköön lunastako 3rd sing. olkoon lunastanut älköön olko lunastanut
1st plur. lunastakaamme älkäämme lunastako 1st plur. — —
2nd plur. lunastakaa älkää lunastako 2nd plur. — —
3rd plur. lunastakoot älkööt lunastako 3rd plur. olkoot lunastaneet älkööt olko lunastaneet
passive lunastettakoon älköön lunastettako passive olkoon lunastettu älköön olko lunastettu
potential mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. lunastanen en lunastane 1st sing. lienen lunastanut en liene lunastanut
2nd sing. lunastanet et lunastane 2nd sing. lienet lunastanut et liene lunastanut
3rd sing. lunastanee ei lunastane 3rd sing. lienee lunastanut ei liene lunastanut
1st plur. lunastanemme emme lunastane 1st plur. lienemme lunastaneet emme liene lunastaneet
2nd plur. lunastanette ette lunastane 2nd plur. lienette lunastaneet ette liene lunastaneet
3rd plur. lunastanevat eivät lunastane 3rd plur. lienevät lunastaneet eivät liene lunastaneet
passive lunastettaneen ei lunastettane passive lienee lunastettu ei liene lunastettu
Nominal forms
infinitives participles
active passive active passive
1st lunastaa present lunastava lunastettava
long 1st1
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st lunastaakseni lunastaaksemme
2nd lunastaaksesi lunastaaksenne
3rd lunastaakseen
lunastaaksensa
past lunastanut lunastettu
2nd inessive2 lunastaessa lunastettaessa agent4 lunastama
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st lunastaessani lunastaessamme
2nd lunastaessasi lunastaessanne
3rd lunastaessaan
lunastaessansa
negative lunastamaton
instructive lunastaen —
1) Used only with a possessive suffix.

2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only).
3) Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details).
4) Usually with a possessive suffix. May not be used with all verbs, especially intransitive ones (more details). Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms.

* The third-person singular indicative form lunastaa does not exhibit final gemination,
unlike the first infinitive (the lemma form), even though they are spelled identically.
3rd inessive lunastamassa —
elative lunastamasta —
illative lunastamaan —
adessive lunastamalla —
abessive lunastamatta —
instructive lunastaman lunastettaman
4th3 verbal noun lunastaminen
5th1
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st lunastamaisillani lunastamaisillamme
2nd lunastamaisillasi lunastamaisillanne
3rd lunastamaisillaan
lunastamaisillansa

Antonyms

Derived terms

compounds

Further reading

Anagrams

Ingrian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *lunastadak. Cognates include Finnish lunastaa and Estonian lunastada.

Pronunciation

Verb

lunastaa

  1. (transitive) to buy
  2. (transitive) to ransom
    • 1937, N. A. Iljin, Lukukirja: Inkeroisia alkușkouluja vart (kolmas osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 102:
      A Kostьlin vast yli kuun viijest tuhatast lunassettii.
      And Kostьlin was ransomed just a month later for five thousand .
  3. (transitive) to rescue
    • 1937, N. A. Iljin, Lukukirja: Inkeroisia alkușkouluja vart (kolmas osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 101:
      Veljät, lunassakkaa! Veljät!
      Brothers, rescue ! Brothers!
  4. (transitive) to bail out
  5. (transitive, + allative) to repay, to reimburse

Conjugation

Conjugation of lunastaa (type 2/kirjuttaa, st-ss gradation)
Indikativa
Preesens Perfekta
positive negative positive negative
1st singular lunassan en lunassa 1st singular oon lunastant, oon lunastanut en oo lunastant, en oo lunastanut
2nd singular lunassat et lunassa 2nd singular oot lunastant, oot lunastanut et oo lunastant, et oo lunastanut
3rd singular lunastaa ei lunassa 3rd singular ono lunastant, ono lunastanut ei oo lunastant, ei oo lunastanut
1st plural lunassamma emmä lunassa 1st plural oomma lunastanneet emmä oo lunastanneet
2nd plural lunassatta että lunassa 2nd plural ootta lunastanneet että oo lunastanneet
3rd plural lunastaat1), lunastavat2), lunassettaa evät lunassa, ei lunasseta 3rd plural ovat lunastanneet evät oo lunastanneet, ei oo lunassettu
impersonal lunassettaa ei lunasseta impersonal ono lunassettu ei oo lunassettu
Imperfekta Pluskvamperfekta
positive negative positive negative
1st singular lunassin en lunastant, en lunastanut 1st singular olin lunastant, olin lunastanut en olt lunastant, en olt lunastanut
2nd singular lunassit et lunastant, et lunastanut 2nd singular olit lunastant, olit lunastanut et olt lunastant, et olt lunastanut
3rd singular lunasti ei lunastant, ei lunastanut 3rd singular oli lunastant, oli lunastanut ei olt lunastant, ei olt lunastanut
1st plural lunassimma emmä lunastanneet 1st plural olimma lunastanneet emmä olleet lunastanneet
2nd plural lunassitta että lunastanneet 2nd plural olitta lunastanneet että olleet lunastanneet
3rd plural lunastiit1), lunastivat2), lunassettii evät lunastanneet, ei lunassettu 3rd plural olivat lunastanneet evät olleet lunastanneet, ei olt lunassettu
impersonal lunassettii ei lunassettu impersonal oli lunassettu ei olt lunassettu
Konditsionala
Preesens Perfekta
positive negative positive negative
1st singular lunastaisin en lunastais 1st singular olisin lunastant, olisin lunastanut en olis lunastant, en olis lunastanut
2nd singular lunastaisit, lunastaist1) et lunastais 2nd singular olisit lunastant, olisit lunastanut et olis lunastant, et olis lunastanut
3rd singular lunastais ei lunastais 3rd singular olis lunastant, olis lunastanut ei olis lunastant, ei olis lunastanut
1st plural lunastaisimma emmä lunastais 1st plural olisimma lunastanneet emmä olis lunastanneet
2nd plural lunastaisitta että lunastais 2nd plural olisitta lunastanneet että olis lunastanneet
3rd plural lunastaisiit1), lunastaisivat2), lunassettais evät lunastais, ei lunassettais 3rd plural olisivat lunastanneet evät olis lunastanneet, ei olis lunassettu
impersonal lunassettais ei lunassettais impersonal olis lunassettu ei olis lunassettu
Imperativa
Preesens Perfekta
positive negative positive negative
1st singular — — 1st singular — —
2nd singular lunassa elä lunassa 2nd singular oo lunastant, oo lunastanut elä oo lunastant, elä oo lunastanut
3rd singular lunastakkoo elköö lunastako 3rd singular olkoo lunastant, olkoo lunastanut elköö olko lunastant, elköö olko lunastanut
1st plural — — 1st plural — —
2nd plural lunastakkaa elkää lunastako 2nd plural olkaa lunastanneet elkää olko lunastanneet
3rd plural lunastakkoot elkööt lunastako, elköö lunassettako 3rd plural olkoot lunastanneet elkööt olko lunastanneet, elköö olko lunassettu
impersonal lunassettakoo elköö lunassettako impersonal olkoo lunassettu elköö olko lunassettu
Potentsiala
Preesens
positive negative
1st singular lunastanen en lunastane
2nd singular lunastanet et lunastane
3rd singular lunastannoo ei lunastane
1st plural lunastanemma emmä lunastane
2nd plural lunastanetta että lunastane
3rd plural lunastannoot evät lunastane, ei lunassettane
impersonal lunassettanoo ei lunassettane
Nominal forms
Infinitivat Partisipat
active passive
1st lunastaa present lunastava lunassettava
2nd inessive lunastaes past lunastant, lunastanut lunassettu
instructive lunastaen 1) Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect.
2) Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect.
*) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (lunastakkaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well.
**) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) to the indicative
***) The deliberative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) or -kse to either the indicative or the potential
****) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse-, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition.
3rd illative lunastammaa
inessive lunastamas
elative lunastamast
abessive lunastamata
4th nominative lunastamiin
partitive lunastamista, lunastamist

Synonyms

Derived terms

References

  • Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 281
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