From Middle Low German lûtteren, from Proto-Germanic *hlūtraz. Literal sense attested since 1541, figurative sense attested since 1756. Cognate of German läutern, Danish luttre, Norwegian luttre.
luttra (present luttrar, preterite luttrade, supine luttrat, imperative luttra)
Often used figuratively to describe when someone, due to adversity or misfortune, is invigorated to face new hardships.
| Active | Passive | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Infinitive | luttra | luttras | ||
| Supine | luttrat | luttrats | ||
| Imperative | luttra | — | ||
| Imper. plural1 | luttren | — | ||
| Present | Past | Present | Past | |
| Indicative | luttrar | luttrade | luttras | luttrades |
| Ind. plural1 | luttra | luttrade | luttras | luttrades |
| Subjunctive2 | luttre | luttrade | luttres | luttrades |
| Participles | ||||
| Present participle | luttrande | |||
| Past participle | luttrad | |||
| 1 Archaic. 2 Dated. See the appendix on Swedish verbs. | ||||