mũgate

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Kikuyu

Etymology

Borrowed from Swahili mkate.[1]

Pronunciation

As for Tonal Class, Armstrong (1940) classifies this term into mote class which includes mũtĩ, gĩkwa (pl. ikwa), gĩthaka, kĩnya, kĩrũũmi, mũcinga, mũhaka, mũrũthi, njagĩ, njohi, nyũmba, etc.[2] Benson (1964) classifies this term into Class 2 with a disyllabic stem, together with kĩgunyũ, njagĩ, kiugũ, and so on. Yukawa (1981) classifies this term into a group including gĩkwa (pl. ikwa), ithangũ (pl. mathangũ), kiugũ, kĩboko, kĩgunyũ, kĩnya, kĩroboto, kĩrũũmi, mbogo, mũcinga, mũhaka, mũrangi, mũrũthi, ndaraca, ndirica, njohi, nyũmba, thĩ, and so on.[3] Clements (1984) classifies this term into “LH class” corresponding to Armstrong's mote class and Benson's disyllabic 2, together with kĩrũũmi.[4]

Noun

mũgate class 3 (plural mĩgate)

  1. bread[5]

References

  1. ^ “mũgate” in Benson, T.G. (1964). Kikuyu-English dictionary, p. 103. Oxford: Clarendon Press.
  2. ^ Armstrong, Lilias E. (1940). The Phonetic and Tonal Structure of Kikuyu. Rep. 1967. (Also in 2018 by Routledge).
  3. ^ Yukawa, Yasutoshi (1981). "A Tentative Tonal Analysis of Kikuyu Nouns: A Study of Limuru Dialect." In Journal of Asian and African Studies, No. 22, 75–123.
  4. ^ Clements, George N. (1984). "Principles of tone assignment in Kikuyu." In Clements, G.N. and J.A. Goldsmith (eds.) Autosegmental studies in Bantu tone, pp. 281–339. Dordrecht: Mouton de Gruyter; Foris Publications. →ISBN
  5. ^ Barlow, A. Ruffell (1960). Studies in Kikuyu Grammar and Idiom, p. 233.
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